论康德的“知性为自然立法”  

Talk about “The Understanding Sets a Rule for Knowledge” of Kant

作　　者：徐会利 Xu Huili

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院

出　　处：《理论界》2019年第12期48-54,共7页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：理解"知性为自然立法",需从如下三个方面阐明:其一,知性的独特性在于其构成性,知性直接与知识相关,感性只提供杂多表象,为知性提供思维的材料,理性是关于"知识的知识",而与经验对象无关。由此说明为何是知性而非感性或理性为自然立法。其二,"自然"是一切可能经验之表象的总和,"知性为自然立法"不能仅仅从知性为认识(知识)立法的角度理解,更重要的是知性为一切可被经验的认识对象(现象)立法。"自然"与"经验对象"是统一的,知性为自然立法就是为经验对象立法。其三,关于知性如何立法的问题,直接关涉知性范畴提供规则和先验想象力的生产作用,人通过感性提供杂多表象经由知性范畴依据自身规则统合表象形成对经验对象的认知,即"感性提供表象--先验想象力--知性范畴统合--经验对象"。To understand "the understanding sets a rule for knowledge",we need to explain three aspects.Firstly, the uniqueness of understanding lies in its constitution and it is related to knowledge directly.Sensuous intuition only provides materials for the understanding.The reason has no relation with empirical things.We have to explain why the understanding can make a rule for Knowledge,while the sensibility and reason can not do that.Secondly,the concepts of nature is a whole about all empirical impression.The understanding sets a rule for knowledge can not only be understood from the point of view of knowledge(knowledge) legislation, but more importantly,knowledge is the legislation of all cognitive objects(phenomena) that can be experienced.Nature and experiential object are unified, and understanding legislation means making legislation for experiential object.Thirdly, the question of how to legislate intellectual is directly related to the productive function of intellectual category providing rules and transcendental imagination.People provide miscellaneous representation through sensibility, and then form cognition of empirical object through intellectual category according to their own rules.

关 键 词：感性 知性 范畴 自然 先验想象力 

分 类 号：B1[哲学宗教—世界哲学]