“非遗”武术发展的影响因素及对策探析--以苌家拳为研究个案  

The Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of the Development of "Intangible Cultural Heritage" Wushu--Taking the Chang Family wushu as a research case

作　　者：王水利 杨建营[2] Wang Shuili;Yang Jianying(Greentown Yuhua International School,Zhoushan Zhejiang 316000,China;East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]舟山绿城育华国际学校,浙江舟山316000 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241

出　　处：《武术研究》2020年第2期9-15,共7页Wushu Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目《文化强国建设目标下我国学校武术传承体系研究》,编号:14BTY072。

摘　　要：传统武术作为非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分,其保护与传承问题是民族传统体育学研究领域的热点问题之一。为进一步完善对"非遗"武术发展的干预对策,采用文献资料法、调查法和逻辑分析法,以苌家拳为研究个案,分析其传承发展的存在问题、原因,并提出相应对策。研究认为:(1)苌家拳传承发展存在的突出问题一方面在于传承内容缩减且重套路轻技击,另一方面是传承人流失严重。(2)农村转型城市化的加快、传承人的思想保守、人们的体育需求发生了多样化转变是引起苌家拳发展滞后的主要原因。(3)提出了三点发展对策:优化苌家拳技术,实现体系化传承;完善苌家拳传承人的管理制度,激发其传承活力;实现"政府、学校、社会"三位一体的立体化发展道路。As an important part of intangible cultural heritage,the protection and inheritance of traditional Wushu is one of the hot issues in the field of traditional national sports research.In order to further improve the intervention strategy of the development of " Intangible cultural heritage " Wushu,this paper adopts the literature data method,the visiting investigation method and the logic analysis method,and takes the Chang family Wushu as the research case,analyzes the problems and causes of its inheritance and development,and proposes corresponding countermeasures.The study believes that:(1) The outstanding problems in the development of Chang family Wushu inheritance are on the one hand,the reduction of inheritance content and the heavy tactics,and the serious loss of inheritors.(2) The acceleration of urbanization in rural transition,the conservative thinking of the inheritors,and the diversification of people’s sports demand are the main reasons for the lagging development of the Chang family Wushu.(3) Put forward three development countermeasures:optimize the technique of Chang family Wushu,realize the system inheritance;improve the management system of the inheritance of Chang family Wushu,stimulate its inheritance vitality;realize the three-dimensional development road of "the government,school and society".

关 键 词：非遗 武术 苌家拳 问题 原因 对策 

分 类 号：G85[文化科学—民族体育]