3~6岁幼儿游泳能力评价工具研究  

Compilation of Swimming Competence Scale for 3~6 years Old Children

作　　者：张腾 温宇红[2] ZHANG Teng;WEN Yu-hong(School of Physical Education and Heath,Hangzhou Normal University,Zhejiang hangzhou,311121,China;Beijing Sports University,Beijing,100084,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学体育与健康学院,浙江杭州311121 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《福建体育科技》2020年第1期1-6,共6页Fujian Sports Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会规划(20NDFC328YB);北京体育大学横向课题(BSU20180322);中国游泳协会基金项目(2017HX10)。

摘　　要：目的:编制3~6岁幼儿游泳能力评价工具,为幼儿游泳学习效果评价提供多向度、量化评价方式及游泳教学和科研提供参考。方法:通过文献资料、专家访谈、德尔菲法、现状调查选取幼儿游泳能力评价测试指标;采用临界比分析、探索性因素分析(EFA)进行预试验数据分析,采用皮尔逊相关、Crobanchα系数、I-CVI及验证性因素分析(CFA)对正式试验数据进行信效度检验。结果:(1)预试验结果建立了12个初始条目,EFA分析结果抽取了游泳准备技能、水中移动性技能、水中安全技能三个因子(载荷0.684~0.826);(2)游泳能力评价工具的同质性信度在去除入水、潜泳后得到提升(Crobanchα=0.714~0.805),具有较好的评分者信度(r≥0.9,P<0.01)和内容效度(平均I-CVI为0.948),CFA两次修正后获得的最终模型拟合结果较为理想(卡方值(2)=53.005,df=32,chi-sqr/df=1.656,GFI=0.944> 0.9,AGFI=0.903,RMSEA=0.064, CFI=0.961, TLI=0.946, SRMR=.0512)。结论:形成了一个具有较好信效度的"3~6岁幼儿游泳能力"评价工具,包括3个维度10个条目的评价内容,适合应用于3~6岁幼儿游泳能力的评估。Objective: In order to provide a multidimensional and quantitative tool for evaluation of young children’s swimming learning results and a reference for swimming teaching and research,we aimed to develop a swimming competence scale for 3 ~ 6 years old children.Methods: selecting the test indicators of swimming competence through literature,expert interview,Delphi method and current situation survey.Through the pretest data,the items were analyzed using Critical Ratio and Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA).Through the survey for the validity and reliability,the Pearson correlation,Crobanch α coefficient,I-CVI and Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA) were used.Results:(1) The results of the pretest were determined 12 test items.Three factors were extracted through EFA which were defined as swimming readiness skill,swimming locomotion skill,water safety skill respectively(factor loading 0.684 ~ 0.826);(2) the Cronbach α coefficient has been raised when the items of entry and diving were deleted(crobanchα=0.714 ~ 0.805),The scorer consistent reliability was high(r≥0.9,P<0.01).The average I-CVI of the 12 items was 0.948 which indicated that the content validity was good.The results of two times corrected CFA model showed that the 2=53.005,df=32,chi-sqr/df=1.65,GFI =.944,AGFI=0.903,RMSEA =.064,CFI =.961,TLI =.946,SRMR =.0512 which indicated the model’s Fit of Goodness were good.Conclusion: A reliable and valid "3-6 years old swimming competence scale"has been developed which includes three dimensions and 10 items.The scale is suitable for the evaluation of swimming competence of 3-6 years old children in China.

关 键 词：3~6岁幼儿 游泳能力 评价工具 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]