改装体检直升机和歼击机飞行员加速度耐力比较研究  

A comparative study of acceleration tolerance between helicopter pilots and fighter pilots under physical examination prior to transferring to higher performance aircraft

作　　者：王广云 翟丽红 于东睿 徐先荣 WANG Guangyun;ZHAI Lihong;YU Dongrui;XU Xianrong(Clinical Medicine Laboratory,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心临床医学实验室,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心眩晕中心,北京100142 [3]空军特色医学中心医研部,北京100142

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2020年第1期1-3,共3页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军后勤科研重点项目(BKJ10J054)。

摘　　要：目的比较改装体检直升机和歼击机飞行员的加速度耐力,为直升机飞行员临床航卫保障提供依据。方法以直升机飞行员和歼击机飞行员为受试者,采用飞行员推拉效应模拟舱,分别观察受试者在增压试验前后、或正-负压转换试验前后的血压、心率。测试全程观察受试者有无不适,并监测血氧饱和度和耳脉搏。结果+80 mmHg压力,可引起飞行员收缩压上升(P<0.01)、舒张压增高(P<0.05);心率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。飞行员在模拟推拉效应时心率增快(P<0.01)、收缩压下降(P<0.05)及舒张压降低(P<0.01)。结论下体正压可模拟飞行员推杆时的反应,正-负压转换可模拟推拉效应,直升机和歼击机飞行员均对+80 mmHg转换成-50 mmHg持续7 min后所致的加速度耐力良好。Objective To compare acceleration tolerance between helicopter pilots and fighter pilots under physical examination before being transferred to higher performance aircraft,and to provide evidence for aeromedical support for helicopter pilots.Methods Helicopter pilots and fighter pilots were selected as the subjects.The experimental equipment was a pilot push-pull simulation capsule.The subjects’blood pressure and heart rate before and after the experiment of pressurization,before and after the experiment of conversion between positive and negative pressure were observed respectively.Throughout the test,the subjects were observed for discomfort,while blood oxygen saturation and ear pulse were monitored.Results+80 mmHg pressure caused the increase of systolic blood pressure(P<0.01)and diastolic blood pressure(P<0.05).The difference was statistically significant.Heart rate decreased slightly but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).During the simulation of the push-pull effect,the heart rate of pilots increased rapidly(P<0.01)while the systolic pressure(P<0.05)and diastolic blood pressure decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion The lower body positive pressure test can simulate the push-rod effect,while the positive-negative pressure conversion can simulate the push-pull ef fect.Bot h helicopter a nd f ig hter pilot s have good accelerat ion tolera nce caused by t he conver sion from+80 mmHg to-50 mmHg for 7 mins.

关 键 词：航空医学 飞行员 加速度耐力 推拉效应 直升机 歼击机 

分 类 号：R853[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]