陆军飞行学员暗环境下对比度视力与用眼习惯的调查研究  

Contrast visual acuity and eye care habits in the dark environment in Army Force flight cadets

作　　者：黄达 欧阳晶 黄峰 黄美良 刘勇 HUANG Da;OU Yangjing;HUANG Feng;HUANG Meiliang;LIU Yong(Department of Medical Research,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心医研部,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心眼科,北京100142 [3]解放军总医院第六医学中心卫勤部,北京100048

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2020年第1期18-21,共4页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军后勤科研重点项目(BKJ14J003);军事创新工程课题(17CXZ005)。

摘　　要：目的探讨陆军飞行学员在暗环境下的对比度视力与常规远视力的关系,以及用眼习惯的相关因素,为军事飞行学员的视力健康维护提供理论研究基础。方法采用横断面研究方法,随机抽取某陆军飞行学院三年级在校学习阶段飞行学员,检查对比度视力和常规远视力,双眼对比度视力均在1.0以上为正常视力组,一只眼及双眼对比度视力<1.0为对照组,并采用问卷调查方式对用眼习惯进行记录分析。结果全部214名(428只眼)陆军飞行学员的右眼对比度视力为1.31±0.28,常规远视力为1.40±0.23;左眼对比度视力为1.28±0.26,常规远视力为1.42±0.20,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。对比度视力正常组和对照组学员每日阅读时间>6 h者分别为91.38%及80.00%,日常户外以综合运动者分别为60.34%及30.00%;每日使用电子产品使用时间>2 h者分别为8.06%及37.50%,暗环境下存在使用电子产品的情况分别为5.17%及37.50%,使用电子产品距离>30 cm分别为68.39%及87.50%,使用商业护眼产品分别为68.39%及92.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析后得出对比度视力的保护因素有户外运动种类,危险因素包括电子产品使用时间、暗环境下使用电子产品情况以及商业护眼产品使用。结论暗环境下陆军飞行学院学员的对比度视力程度与日常户外运动种类、电子产品使用时间、暗环境下使用电子产品情况以及商业护眼产品使用相关。Objective To study the relationship between contrast visual acuity and eye care habits in the dark environment in Army Force pilot cadets,and to provide data for the protection of visual function.Methods Thirdyear pilot cadets were chosen randomly by using the cross-sectional study method.The contrast visual acuity and visual acuity of these pilot cadets were tested.Subjects whose contrast visual acuity of both eyes was above 1.0 served as the nor mal group,while those whose cont rast visual acuit y was below 1.0 were assigned to the cont rol group.The eye-care habits were recorded and analyzed by questionnaires.Results A total of 428 eyes of 214 pilot cadets were enrolled.The contrast visual acuity and visual acuity of right eyes of these pilot cadets were 1.31±0.28 and 1.40±0.23 respectively,while the contrast visual acuity and normal vision of left eyes were 1.28±0.26 and 1.42±0.20 respectively.The difference was significant between the contrast visual acuity and visual acuity(P<0.001).91.38%of the pilot cadets in the normal group and 80.00%of the pilot cadets in the control group spent more than 6 hours reading per day.60.34%of the pilot cadets in the normal group and 30.00%in the control group engaged in physical exercise outdoors.8.06%of those in the normal group and 37.50%in control group used digital equipment for more than 2 hours per day,while 5.17%of these in the normal group and 37.50%in the control group used digital equipment at night.68.39%of those in the normal group and 87.50%in the control group used digital gadgets>30 cm from their eyes,whereas 68.39%in the normal group and 92.50%in the control group used eye-care products.The differences were signif icant(P<0.05).The multivariate Logistic analysis showed that outdoor exercise was a protective factor.The time spent on electronic equipment、the use of electronic equipment at night and the use of eye-care products were rick factors.Conclusion The contrast visual acuity of pilot cadets in the dark environment is related to the type of outdoor

关 键 词：飞行学员 对比度视力 用眼习惯 调查 

分 类 号：R851.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R778.1[医药卫生—临床医学]