鮫鯨鱼肌肉和鱼骨的营养成分分析及评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritive Composition in Muscles and Bones of Lophius litulon

作　　者：田笑笑 王丰雷 张文 郑佳文 唐云平 杨最素 TIAN Xiao-xiao;WANG Feng-lei;ZHANG Wen(School of Food Science and Pharmaceutics of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;Hailisheng Group Co Ltd,Zhoushan 316013,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学食品与医药学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]海力生集团有限公司,浙江舟山316013

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期316-321,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(41806153)

摘　　要：以鮟鱇鱼为对象,测定其肌肉和鱼骨中的一般营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素的含量并进行营养评价。结果表明,鮟鱇鱼肌肉和鱼骨中水分含量分别为66.33%和65.85%,肌肉和鱼骨干物质中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别为70.91%、42.57%和7.66%、2.08%,灰分含量分别为4.01%和20.15%。测定的17种氨基酸中,肌肉和鱼骨氨基酸总量分别为13.19 g·100^-1·g^-1,和10.32 g·100^-1·g^-1,必需氨基酸分别占总氨基酸的38.22%和26.31%,呈味氨基酸分别占总氨基酸的46.52%和53.55%。肌肉中氨基酸评分和化学评分接近理想模型。肌肉和鱼骨中不饱和脂肪酸丰富,其中DHA和EPA含量分别达32.68%和6.50%、23.02%和5.06%。鱼骨中的矿物元素种类较肌肉中的丰富且含量高,Ca、Fe、Zn和Se含量分别为292.09 mg·g^-1、36.00 mg·g^-1、34.76mg·g^-1和0.51 mg·g^-1。肌肉中Se元素含量为0.86 mg·g^-1高于鱼骨,其余均较鱼骨低。综上所述,鮟鱇鱼肌肉是一种高蛋白、低脂肪、不饱和脂肪酸和有益矿物元素丰富的优质肉类。鱼骨中呈味氨基酸和多种矿物元素含量较高,可作为鲜味调味剂和元素补充剂的优质来源。The nutritional compositions in the muscle andbone of Lophius litulon were comprehensively analyzed In this paper.The results showed that the moisture content in the muscle and fish bone of the carp was 66.33% and 65.85%,respectively,and the crude protein and crude fat content in the muscle and fish bone materials were 70.91%,42.57%,7.66% and 2.08%,respectively.4.01% and 20.15%.Among the 17 amino acids measured,the total amino acids of muscle and fish bone were 13.184 g·100^-1·g^-1 and 10.32 g·100^-1·g^-1,respectively,and the essential amino acids accounted for 38.22% and 26.31% of the total amino acids,respectively.46.52% and 53.55%.The amino acid score and chemical score in the muscle are close to the ideal model.The muscles and fish bones are rich in unsaturated fatty acids,and the DHA and EPA contents are 32.68%and 6.50%,23.02% and 5.06%,respectively.The mineral elements in the fish bone are richer and higher in the muscle.The contents of Ca,Fe,Zn and Se are 292.093 g·mg^-1,35.999 g·mg^-1,34.761 g·mg^-1 and 0.510 g·mg^-1.The content of Se in the muscle was 0.856 g·mg^-1 higher than that of the fish bone,and the rest were lower than the fish bone.In summary,the muscle of the carp is a high-quality meat with high protein,low fat,unsaturated fatty acids and beneficial mineral elements.The fish bone has a high content of amino acids and various mineral elements,and can be used as a good source of flavoring and elemental supplements.

关 键 词：鮟鱇鱼 肌肉和鱼骨 营养成分分析与评价 

分 类 号：S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]