家庭健康管理制度对NICU早产儿母乳喂养的效果  

Effect of family health management system on breastfeeding of premature infants in NICU

作　　者：龚瑾[1] 张娟[1] 范礼英 蒋进英 GONG Jin;ZHANG Juan;FAN Liying;JIANG Jinying(Department of Neonatology,Hunan Maternal and Children's Health Hospital,Changsha 410005,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省妇幼保健院新生儿科,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2020年第1期87-91,共5页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：湖南省卫生计生委科研计划课题(编号:B2017129)。

摘　　要：目的探讨以家庭为中心的系统化健康管理制度对新生儿重症监护室(NICU)早产儿母乳喂养中的临床效果。方法选取2017年5至8月份湖南省妇幼保健院NICU接收母乳喂养的188名早产儿,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,每组94名。两组早产儿均采用母乳喂养,对照组采用常规健康管理制度,观察组采用以家庭为中心的系统化健康管理制度,分析不同管理制度对早产儿母乳喂养的效果。结果观察组总母乳喂养率为59.57%,较对照组的总母乳喂养率30.85%明显增高(χ2=15.549,P <0.05);观察组母乳喂养总适应率为73.40%,较对照组母乳喂养适应率51.06%明显增高(χ2=13.273,P <0.05);观察组早产儿日均体重增长量为[(18.34±2.48)g·kg-1·d-1],较对照组日均体重增长量[(13.46±2.67)g·kg-1·d-1]明显增加(t=9.653,P <0.05);此外,观察组平均住院时间及母乳喂养不耐受、贫血、坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)、院内感染等并发症发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t/χ2值分别为10.736、14.874、9.735、13.852、11.542,均P <0.05)。结论采用以家庭为中心的系统化健康管理制度能够有效提升NICU早产儿的母乳喂养率和母乳喂养适应性,降低母乳喂养不耐受、贫血、NEC及院内感染等并发症发生率,缩短住院时间,值得临床大力推广应用。Objective To investigate the clinical effects of family-centered health management system in breast feeding of premature infants in NICU. Methods A total of 188 premature infants who were breast fed in the NICU of our hospital from May to August in 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 94 premature infants in each group. The two groups of premature infants were breastfed, and the control group was treated with routine health management system. The family-centered systematic health management system was applied to the observation group. Then, the effects of different management systems on breastfeeding in premature infants were compared and analyzed. Results The total breastfeeding rate of the observation group was 59.57%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group, 30.85%,(χ2 = 15.549, P<0.05). The total adaptive rate of breastfeeding in the observation group was 73.40%, which was better than that of the control group, 51.06%(χ2 = 13.273, P<0.05). The average daily weight gain of the observation group was(18.34±2.48 g·kg-1·d-1), which was significantly higher than that of the control group(13.46±2.67 g·kg-1·d-1)(t = 9.653, P<0.05). All the above indicators were statistically significant(P<0.05). In addition, the average hospitalization duration and the incidence of complications such as breast-feeding intolerance, anemia, necrotizing enterocolitis and nosocomial infection of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(t/χ2 = 10.736, 14.874, 9.735, 13.852, 11.542, respectively, P<0.05 for all). Conclusion The use of a family-centered systemic health management system in breastfeeding of NICU preterm infants could effectively improve breastfeeding rates, adaptability and nutritional status, and at the same time could significantly reduce breastfeeding intolerance, the incidence of complications such as anemia, necrosis, enterocolitis and nosocomial infections, shorten the length of ho

关 键 词：新生儿重症监护室 早产儿 母乳喂养 系统化健康管理制度 临床效果 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R722.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]