超声技术在睾丸扭转诊断中的研究进展  

Research progress of ultrasonic technique in testicular torsion diagnosis

作　　者：李业钊(综述)[1] 苏海庆(审校)[1] Li Yezhao;Su Haiqing(Department of Ultrasonography,Ethnic Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical Uni-versity,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Ethnic Hospital,Nanning 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学附属民族医院暨广西壮族自治区民族医院超声学科,南宁530001

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2020年第1期145-149,共5页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：广西医科大学青年科学基金项目(No.GX-MUYSF201817)。

摘　　要：睾丸扭转(TT)是泌尿外科急性阴囊胀痛的常见原因之一,临床上较易出现漏诊和误诊。常规超声(US)是诊断和评估睾丸疾病的首选,睾丸血流和频谱特征对TT诊断与鉴别诊断有非常重要的意义,但新生儿患者和处于睾丸扭转早期的患者是US诊断难点。超声造影(CEUS)和超微血管成像技术(SMI)作为近年来出现的革命性技术,在无创性评估靶器官的血流灌注方面有很好的应用,弥补了US在微小血管及低速血流方面的不足。SMI和CEUS可清晰显示灌注区内血管分布和走行状态,准确反映微循环的血流动力学变化。SMI和CEUS虽然提高了TT的诊断效能,但对于部分TT患者仍是超声诊断难点,有待更全面、深入地研究超声技术在TT中的应用,以将超声诊断的发展推进到与时俱进的新时代。Testicular torsion(TT)is one of common causes of acute scrotal in urology surgery,and it is more likely to be missed diagnosed and misdiagnosed.Ultrasound(US)is the first choice for the diagnosis and assessment of testicular disease.The testicular blood flow and spectrum characteristics are very important for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TT.However,it is difficult to diagnose TT in newborn and early TT patients by US.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)and superb microvascuar imaging(SMI)as revolutionary technologies that appeared in recent years,have good application in the non-invasive evaluation of blood perfusion of target organs,and offset some deficiencies in the microvascular and low blood flow.SMI and CEUS can clearly display the distribution and running state of blood vessels in the perfusion area,accurately reflect hemodynamic changes of microcirculation,which improve the diagnosis efficacy of TT.But it is still difficult to diagnose some TT patients by US.The application of US technology in TT should be studied more comprehensively and deeply so as to promote the development of US diagnosis to a new era advancing with the times.

关 键 词：睾丸扭转 常规超声 超微血管成像技术 超声造影 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]