氧气的适应性机制及低氧预适应研究进展  

Adaptation mechanism of oxygen and research progress of hypoxic preconditioning

作　　者：齐瑞芳[1,2] 张晓璐 邵国[1,2] QI Ruifang;ZHANG Xiaolu;SHAO Guo(Key laboratory of Beijing,Low-oxygen Adaptive Translational Medicine,Baotou Medical College,Baotou 014060,China;Preclinical and Forensic Medicine,Baotao Medical College,Baotou 014060,China;Department of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]包头医学院低氧适应转化医学北京市重点实验室,包头014060 [2]包头医学院基础医学与法医学院,包头014060 [3]包头医学院第一附属医院神经外科,包头014010

出　　处：《科技导报》2020年第2期86-91,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81660307);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS03093,2018LH08078);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY20171);包头医学院科学基金项目(BYJJ-DF201602,BYJJ-QM201644)。

摘　　要：氧气是有氧代谢和能量产生的必要条件,对于大多数生物来说都是必不可少的。过多或过少的氧气都可能危害生命,因此研究生物快速响应变化的氧气水平的机制至关重要。当氧气需求超过氧气供应时,细胞就会变得低氧。介绍了氧气的特性以及生理、病理条件下低氧的适应机制,论述了低氧作为的积极方面——低氧预适应的历史和研究进展,展望了低氧预适应在高空、高原等极端环境中以及在卒中等相关临床疾病中的治疗前景。The existence of oxygen is a necessary condition for aerobic metabolism and energy production,as is essential for most living things.Too much or too little oxygen can be life-threatening,so it is important to study the mechanism of how organisms respond quickly to the changing oxygen levels.When the oxygen demand exceeds the oxygen supply,the cells become hypoxic.This paper discusses the characteristics of the oxygen and the mechanism of the hypoxia adaptation under physiological and pathological conditions.Hypoxia can be considered in a positive aspect,the role in the hypoxic preconditioning,and the related history and research progress are reviewed,including preconditioning in extreme environments such as high altitude,and related clinical diseases,as well as the prospect of treatment of stroke diseases.

关 键 词：氧气 氧感应 低氧预适应 神经保护 

分 类 号：R339.5[医药卫生—人体生理学]