高级水平学习者汉语多沟槽框式构式意识的实验研究  

An experimental study on the awareness of Chinese slot and frame construction in the advanced nonnative learners

作　　者：孔令跃[1] Kong Lingyue

机构地区：[1]北京大学对外汉语教育学院,100871

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2020年第2期14-23,共10页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

摘　　要：本文以实验方法考察高级水平学习者汉语多沟槽框式构式意识的构建情况。实验围绕同一框式构式,通过改变句中构式形式的完整性和构式语境设置了四种任务句子,要求被试进行句子完成和句子判断及改错任务。研究发现:(1)不管语境如何,学习者在构式形式完整句子上的正确率显著高于构式形式不完整的句子;(2)不管构式形式是否完整,学习者在不完整句上的正确率显著高于错误句上的正确率;(3)汉语母语者在两种任务四种句子上的作答全部正确。结果表明:高级水平学习者的汉语框式构式具有心理现实性,但构式表征固化程度不高,达不到自动化提取的程度;高级水平学习者的汉语框式构式形式和语义意识仍不完善不稳定。这一结果对汉语框式构式教学有一定的启示。The present study examined the awareness of Chinese slot and frame construction in the advanced nonnative learners with experimental paradigm.The experiment materials were four types of sentences with different degrees of constructional form completeness and sentence contexts.Subjects were required to complete and judge the sentences.The results showed that(1)for nonnative learners,regardless of the sentence context,the accuracies on the sentences with complete constructional forms were significantly higher than those on the sentences with incomplete constructional forms;(2)for nonnative learners,regardless of the completeness of constructional form,the accuracies on the incomplete sentences were significantly higher than those on the incorrect sentences;(3)for native learners,all the sentences they produced in two tasks were correct.These results indicate that there is psychological reality of the Chinese slot and frame constructions in advanced nonnative learners’language,but the construction is not strongly entrenched and unable to retrieve automatically.Nonnative learners own basic constructional awareness.The pedagogical implications for the construction teaching were discussed accordingly.

关 键 词：框式构式 构式意识 构式形式完整性 构式语境 心理现实性 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]