现代汉语中是否存在和话题分立的语法主语  

On the controversies about“subject”and“topic”in Chinese

作　　者：宋文辉[1] Song Wenhui

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,100732

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2020年第2期77-88,共12页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：中国人民大学重大项目“现代汉语语法关系语法化程度及相关问题研究”的成果。

摘　　要：现代汉语句法上是否能区分语法主语和有标记话题,存在争议。本文从对语法主语概念理解的准确性、证据和论证逻辑的合法性、理论的经济性等方面评估了相关研究。发现现代汉语区分语法主语和有标记话题的观点、现代汉语只有主语没有话题的观点,往往存在概念认识不准确、证据不合法、论证逻辑缺憾、把假说用作知识、理论不经济等问题。与之相对,现代汉语只有话题而没有语法主语的观点准确地把握住了现代汉语和印欧语的差别,更经济,且论证更容易成立。Whether there is a subject or a topic in Chinese has always been one of the most important controversies in the studies of Chinese.This paper commentson the representative studies about this issue from the perspectives of accurateness of the conception,the logicality of the argument and the economy of the theory and concludesthat there is no grammatical subject in Chinese but only topics.This opinion not only captures the typological differences between Chinese and Indo-European languages,but also is on more solid ground.Many think there is a subject in Chinese because this kind of story has been told by so many people for so long.

关 键 词：语法主语 话题 论证逻辑 经济性 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]