“数字空间”政府及其研究纲领——第四次工业革命引致的政府形态变革  

"Digital Space Government"Research Program--Government Reforming Caused by the Fourth Industrial Revolution

作　　者：米加宁[1] 章昌平[1,2] 李大宇 徐磊[4] Mi Jianing;Zhang Changping;Li Dayu;Xu Lei(School of Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,150001,China;School of Public Administration and Communication,Guilin Uni vers ity of Technology,Guilin,541004,China;College of Public Finance and Administration,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin,150028,China;Editorial Department of Journal,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing,100081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学经济与管理学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]桂林理工大学公共管理与传媒学院,广西桂林541004 [3]哈尔滨商业大学财政与公共管理学院,哈尔滨150028 [4]北京理工大学学报编辑部,北京100081

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2020年第1期1-17,168,共18页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA030);黑龙江省头雁计划支持项目。

摘　　要：党的十八届三中全会以来,随着“推进国家治理体系与治理能力的现代化”的不断深化,我国地方政府在公共服务的供给上做了大量的改革创新尝试,特别是在运用大数据、人工智能技术来变革政府服务方式方面,突破了传统的“物理空间”的政府供给方式,在政府创新上引起的社会反响尤为强烈。通过对一系列地方政府在公共服务创新上的研究发现,这次变革可以说不是简单地应用新技术来提升政府效能,甚至也不是传统意义上的“整体性政府”的构建,而是适应第四次工业革命到来的一场伟大的社会实践,很可能在政府的形态上发生革命性的变化,即从工业化的“物理空间”的政府形态向大数据时代的“数字空间”的政府形态转型。这场政府形态的转型既是技术推动社会变迁这个人类社会发展的一般性的规律,也有我国独特的社会场景和政府变革的内生动力。尽管目前我国地方政府的实践尚处于“地方性知识”的状态,但它的深远意义有可能是全球性的。就像第一次工业革命英国是社会实验场,其所形成的“科层制”的现代组织结构成为世界性的现代化模版一样,第四次工业革命的社会试验场很可能就在中国,而政府形态的转变将是这场伟大变革的主题之一。面对这一历史机遇,我们必须对此有所洞察并在理论上有所准备,从而提出基于理论构建的对这场变革的“研究纲领”,尤其需要构建在公共管理学科发展上的想象力。Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee,"promoting the modernization of national governance system and capacity"further deepening.Local governments in China have made a lot of attempts on the reform and innovation of public services supply.Especially with the use of big data and artificial intelligence(AI),the way of government service supply has been changed,breaking through the traditional supply mode of government in the"physical space",creating a great sensation in the society.Through a series of research on public service innovation of local governments,it is found that this time,rather than a simple application of new technologies to improve government efficiency,or even the construction of"Holistic Government"in the traditional sense,the reform is actually a great social practice for adaptation of the coming Fourth Industrial Revolution.There will most likely be a revolutionary change in the form of government,that is,from the form of industrialization age in the"physical space"to the form of big data era in the"digital space".The transformation of government form is not only the general law of human being development that technology promotes social change,but also happens in the unique social scene in China whose government has an endogenous power.Although the practice of local governments in China is still in the state of"local knowledge",its profound significance may be globally influential.As England is,a social experimental field in the First Industrial Revolution,and the modern organizational structure of"bureaucracy"formed in that time became a worldwide model of modernization.China is likely to be the social experimental field of the fourth industrial revolution,and the transformation of government form will be one of the themes in this great reform.Facing such a historical opportunity,we must have insight and prepare in theory,putting forward a"research program"for this reform based on theory.To promote the development of the discipline,particularly imagination of public

关 键 词：三元空间 数字空间 政府形态 第四次工业革命 研究纲领 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]