4种豆类植物种子油脂的提取与分析  

Extraction and Analysis of Oil from Four Kinds of Legume Seeds

作　　者：郑辉煌 丁立好 黄彬 何敏 王宗成 ZHENG Hui-huang;DING Li-hao;HUANG Bin;HE Min;WANG Zong-cheng(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Engineering,Yongzhou 425199,Hunan,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Advantage Plants Resources of Southern Hunan,Hunan University of Science and Engineering,Yongzhou 425199,Hunan,China;Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources,Hunan University of Science and Engineering,Yongzhou 425199,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技学院化学与生物工程学院,湖南永州425199 [2]湖南科技学院湘南优势植物资源综合利用湖南省重点实验室,湖南永州425199 [3]湖南科技学院湖南省生物质资源综合开发利用工程技术研究中心,湖南永州425199

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2020年第7期75-79,共5页Food Research and Development

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(19A192);湖南省普通高校校企合作创新创业教育基地(湘教通[2018]380号);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910551016S);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(湘教通[2019]219号-2055)。

摘　　要：以常见的4种豆子为原料,粉碎后采用超声波辅助提取刀豆、花豆、大豆、红豆中的油脂,测定4种豆类植物种子中油脂的得率、理化性质、成分与含量。结果表明:除大豆外,其他3种豆类得油率较低,但是4种豆油在理化性质上都具有较好品质,符合食用植物油标准;在油脂成分上,4种豆油不饱和脂肪酸总量均较高,刀豆油中不饱和脂肪酸总量达到了91.43%,但4种豆油中大豆油含量最高的成分是亚油酸,而其他3种豆油含量最高的成分却是油酸,刀豆油中棕榈油酸含量相当高,达到16.2%,且亚麻酸含量也较高。Oil from sword bean,flower bean,soybean and red bean was extracted with the ultrasonic-assisted extraction after 4 kinds of common legume seeds were crushed. The yield,physical and chemical properties,composition and content of oil from 4 kinds of common legume seeds were determined. The results showed that the yield of oil from other 3 kinds of legume seeds except soybean was lower,but the 4 kinds of legume seeds oil had better quality in physical and chemical properties and met the standard of edible vegetable oil. On the composition of oil,unsaturated fatty acids of 4 kinds of legume seeds oil were higher and the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids of sword bean oil was 91.43 %. Among the four kinds of legume seeds oil,the highest content component of soybean oil was linoleic acid,but the highest content component of other 3 kinds of legume seeds oil was oleic acid. The content of palmitoleic acid in sword bean oil was quite high,reached 16.2 %,and the content of linolenic acid was also higher.

关 键 词：刀豆 花豆 大豆 红豆 超声波辅助提取 种子油脂 气质联用分析 

分 类 号：TS222.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]