转分化技术在神经修复中的应用  

Application of Transdifferentiation Technology in Neural Repair

作　　者：何怡果 谢乐斯[2] 邱猛生[1,3,4] 杨俊林 HE Yiguo;XIE Lesi;QIU Mengsheng;YANG Junlin(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;The First People s Hospital of Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310006,China;Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration Technology,Hangzhou 311121,China;School of Medicine,University of Louisville,Louisville 40292,USA)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江杭州311121 [2]杭州市第一人民医院,浙江杭州310006 [3]浙江省器官发育与再生技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州311121 [4]美国路易斯维尔大学医学院,美国肯塔基州路易斯维尔40292

出　　处：《杭州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期64-70,共7页Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY18H090014);浙江省新苗人才计划项目(2017R423064);杭州市科技局社发自主申报项目(20170533B24).

摘　　要：中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)主要由神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞组成.在病理或创伤情况下,中枢神经病灶区的细胞会出现退化、凋亡或缺失,从而导致相应神经系统疾病的发生.目前,神经系统疾病的治疗手段有限,干细胞治疗也面临伦理、成瘤和免疫排斥等问题.诱导性多潜能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cell,iPSC)技术的出现在很大程度上弥补了异体干细胞移植的缺陷.不过,iPSC亦面临来源可靠性和安全性等障碍.细胞转分化技术能进一步规避iPSC的缺陷,在神经修复领域展现出广阔的应用前景.文章从神经细胞转分化技术、转分化神经修复策略等方面系统地综述了该技术在神经修复领域的研究进展.The central nervous system(CNS)is mainly composed of neuron,astrocyte and oligodendrocyte.In pathological or traumatic conditions,degeneration,apoptosis,and loss will be observed for neural cells in focal areas of the CNS,leading to the occurrence of corresponding neurological diseases.At present,the treatments to neurological diseases are limited,stem cell therapy also faces many problems,such as ethics,tumorigenesis and immunologic rejection.The induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)technology largely remedies the deficit of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.However,iPSC also faces the obstacles such as source reliability and security.Cell transdifferentiation can further avoid the deficits of iPSC,and presents a broad application prospect in the field of neural repair.This paper systematically reviews the research progress of nerve cell transdifferentiation techniques and neural repair strategies with transdifferentiation.

关 键 词：转分化 神经损伤 再生医学 移植 原位修复 

分 类 号：Q254[生物学—细胞生物学]