极地冰钻关键技术研究进展  

Advances in research on key technology for ice drilling in the polar regions

作　　者：张楠[1,2,3,4] 王亮 Pavel Talalay 范晓鹏[1,2,3,4] 王如生 杨阳[1,2,3,4] 洪嘉琳 宫达[1,2,3,4] 孙友宏 李院生[6] 李冰[1,2,3,4] ZHANG Nan;WANG Liang;Pavel Talalay;FAN Xiaopeng;WANG Rusheng;YANG Yang;HONG Jialin;GONG Da;SUN Youhong;LI Yuansheng;LI Bing(College of Construction Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130026,China;Polar Research Center,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130026,China;Polar Science and Engineering Research Institute,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130026,China;Key Laboratory of Drilling and Exploitation Technology in Complex Conditions of Ministry of NaturalResource,Changchun Jilin 130026,China;China University of Geosciences〈Beijing〉,Beijing 100083,China;Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学建设工程学院,吉林长春130026 [2]吉林大学极地研究中心,吉林长春130026 [3]吉林大学极地科学与工程研究院,吉林长春130026 [4]自然资源部复杂条件钻采技术重点实验室,吉林长春130026 [5]中国地质大学〈北京〉,北京100083 [6]中国极地研究中心,上海200136

出　　处：《探矿工程（岩土钻掘工程）》2020年第2期1-16,共16页Exploration Engineering:Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项“极地冰盖前沿科学问题及探测技术”(编号:41942047);国家自然科学基金国家重大科研仪器设备研制专项“极地深冰下无钻杆取芯钻探装备”(编号:41327804);科技部国家重点研发计划“极地环境观测/探测技术与装备研发”课题二“南极冰下湖无污染钻进采样与观测系统研发”(编号:2016YFC1400302);原国家海洋局“南北极环境综合考察与评估专项”课题04-02“南极周边海域与大陆资源潜力综合评估”(编号:CHINARE2016-04-02)。

摘　　要：极地冰钻技术是获取冰芯,研究冰盖-冰架-海洋相互作用,以及获取极地冰下基岩与冰下水环境样品,开展冰下环境探测的重要手段。目前极地冰钻技术的难点与前沿主要包括深冰芯钻探、冰架热水钻、冰下基岩钻和冰下水环境采样与观测技术。本文针对以上4个极地冰钻关键技术,对国内外相关技术的研究进展与项目开展情况进行了总结与梳理。综合来看,虽然我国开展极地钻探技术研究起步较晚,但随着我国极地战略不断推进,我国的极地冰钻关键技术与装备的研究正持续向着赶超极地钻探强国方向迈进,这必将为我国的极地科学研究提供强有力的技术支撑。Ice drilling technologies for the polar regions are the crucial means of obtaining the ice core to investigate the interaction of the polar ice sheet,ice shelf,and ocean;and obtaining subglacial bedrock core and water sample to explore the subglacial environment.At present,the difficulties and frontiers of polar ice drilling technology mainly include deep ice core drilling,ice shelf hot water drilling,subglacial bedrock drilling and subglacial environment sampling,observation technology.In view of the above four key technologies of polar ice drilling,this paper summarizes and sorts out the research progress and project development of related technologies in China and abroad.In general,the research on polar drilling technology started late in China,but the research on the key technologies and equipment of polar ice drilling in China is moving towards surpassing the polar drilling powers in the world,as China’s polar strategy continues to advance.And it will certainly provide a strong technical support for China’s polar scientific research.

关 键 词：极地 深冰芯钻探 热水钻探 冰下基岩钻探 冰下环境探测 

分 类 号：P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]