再生水灌溉水平对土壤盐分累积与细菌群落组成的影响  

Effects of reclaimed water irrigation levels on soil salinity and composition of soil bacteria community

作　　者：韩洋 乔冬梅[1,2,3] 齐学斌[1,2,3] 李平[1,2,3] 郭魏[1,2,3] 崔丙健 陆红飞[1,2,3] 赵宇龙 白芳芳[1,2,3] 庞颖 Han Yang;Qiao Dongmei;Qi Xuebin;Li Ping;Guo Wei;Cui Bingjian;Lu Hongfei;Zhao Yulong;Bai Fangfang;Pang Ying(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453000,China;Agricultural Water Soil Environmental Field Research Station of Xinxiang,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453000,China;Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,新乡453000 [2]中国农业科学院新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站,新乡453000 [3]中国农业科学院农产品质量安全重点开放实验室,新乡453000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第4期106-117,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51879268、51679241、51709265);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(FIRI2018-02)。

摘　　要：为探明再生水不同灌水水平下土壤盐分、氮素、磷素与细菌群落组成动态变化效应,采用室内土柱灌水试验,研究再生水、自来水不同灌水水平对土壤盐分、氮素、磷素及细菌群落组成结构的影响。结果表明:1)再生水灌溉相比自来水显著提高了0~60 cm土层盐分含量、磷素及0~30 cm土层氮素含量也有所提高,降低了土壤细菌群落多样性和OTU数量;充分灌溉相比非充分灌溉提高了深层土壤盐分含量,降低了深层土壤细菌群落多样性和种类数。2)不同处理土壤细菌类群以放线菌门(24.5%~40.6%)和变形菌门(22.4%~30.3%)为主。非充分灌溉下,再生水灌溉相比自来水提高了土壤放线菌门、绿弯菌门、厚壁菌门及酸杆菌门比例,降低了变形菌门比例;充分灌溉下,再生水灌溉相比自来水大幅度提高了土壤放线菌门和硝化螺旋菌门比例,降低了土壤变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门及厚壁菌门比例。无论是在充分灌溉还是非充分灌溉下,再生水灌溉均对土壤放线菌门表现为促进作用,对变形菌门表现为抑制作用。再生水充分灌溉相比非充分灌溉对土壤放线菌门和变形菌门具有促进作用,对土壤绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门和厚壁菌门具有抑制作用;再生水灌水水平越高,越有利于土壤中优势菌群的生长。3)各处理土壤细菌代谢通路丰度占比最大的为膜转运、碳水化合物代谢及氨基酸代谢,再生水辅以较高灌水水平能够显著促进表层土壤微生物膜转运、碳水化合物代谢及氨基酸代谢过程。因此,再生水较高灌水水平可促进土壤物质能量循环,且对土壤细菌代谢繁殖过程也可起到积极的调节作用。研究可为再生水灌溉下的土壤生态环境效应研究提供依据。Reasonable reuse of reclaimed water is of great significance to alleviate the conflict between supply and demand of fresh water resources and reduce the risk of ecological environment pollution caused by waste sewage discharge.This stud aimed to reveal the effect of different irrigation levels of reclaimed water on soil salinity,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and bacteria community structure.The reclaimed water was collected from a sewage treatment plant.The designed irrigation water sources included reclaimed water and tap water.For each water source,2 levels of irrigation were designed:full irrigation(90%of field water holding capacity)and deficit irrigation(70%of full irrigation).The soil column experiment was carried out from August 1,2017 to May 28,2018.The irrigation amount of full irrigation was 9.70 L per time,and that of deficit irrigation was 6.80 L per time.Water was irrigated every 20 d,and 15 times of irrigation were accumulated in the whole experiment period.Soil sample at 0-60 cm layer was collected after experiment which lasted for 300 days for determination of electrical conductivity,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and bacterial community structure.Soil bacteria diversity index was calculated.The results showed that:1)Compared with tap water,reclaimed water irrigation significantly increased 0-60 cm soil salinity,total phosphorus content and 0-30 cm soil total nitrogen content,soil bacteria diversity and operational taxonomic units(OUT)were reduced under reclaimed water irrigation.Compared with deficit irrigation of reclaimed water,full irrigation of reclaimed water increased salinity in deep soil,the bacteria diversity and species number in deep soil were reduced under full irrigation of reclaimed water.2)The soil bacteria under different treatments were mainly actinobacteria and proteobacteria.At deficit irrigation level,compared with tap water,the proportion of soil actinobacteria,chloroflexi,acidobacteria and firmicutes were increased but the proportion of soil proteobacteria were reduced un

关 键 词：灌水 盐分 细菌 再生水 群落组成 代谢功能 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S155.44[农业科学—农业基础科学]