深松和秸秆还田对旋耕农田土壤有机碳活性组分的影响  

Effects of subsoiling and straw return on soil labile organic carbon fractions in continuous rotary tillage cropland

作　　者：田慎重[1] 张玉凤[1] 边文范[1] 董亮[1] Jiafa Luo 郭洪海[1] Tian Shenzhong;Zhang Yufeng;Bian Wenfan;Dong Liang;Jiafa Luo;Guo Honghai(Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of New-type Fertilizers,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Agriculture Research,Ruakura Research Centre,Hamilton 3240,New Zealand)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,农业农村部黄淮海平原农业环境重点实验室,山东省环保肥料工程技术研究中心,济南250100 [2]Agriculture Research,Ruakura Research Centre,Hamilton 3240,New Zealand

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第2期185-192,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41701337);山东省重点研发计划(2018GNC111017);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503121);山东省农业科学院创新工程(CXGC2018E03);山东省大科学计划(2018-001);“海外泰山学者”建设工程专项经费共同资助。

摘　　要：土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)及其活性组分能够敏感响应耕作方式变化及有机物输入。为对比长期旋耕农田进行深松后土壤有机碳各活性组分及比例变化,该研究基于连续7a的旋耕转变为深松和秸秆管理长期定位试验,对比了旋耕无秸秆还田处理(rotary tillage with straw removal,RT)、旋耕秸秆还田处理(rotary tillage with straw return,RTS)、旋耕转变为深松无秸秆还田处理(rotary tillage conversion to subsoiling with straw removal,RT-DT)、旋耕转变为深松秸秆还田处理(rotary tillage conversion to subsoiling with straw return,RTS-DTS)下土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)、颗粒有机碳(particulate organic carbon,POC)、易氧化有机碳(readily oxidizable organic carbon,ROC)、微生物生物量碳(microbial biomass carbon,MBC)、溶解性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)、活性有机碳(labile organic carbon,LOC)在土壤有机碳中比例的变化及各组分间的相互关系。研究结果表明,耕作方式从旋耕转变为深松和秸秆还田对SOC及其各活性组分均产生显著影响,耕作方式转变、秸秆还田及两者的交互效应是影响SOC及其活性组分的主要因素。秸秆还田显著提高了RTS处理和RTS-DTS处理的SOC含量,分别比RT和RT-DT处理高6.1%~15.6%和19.1%~32.3%。并且转变耕作方式后RTS-DTS处理比于RTS处理SOC含量提高16.9%~20.0%。同时,RTS-DTS处理的POC含量比RTS处理高13.6%~53.8%;但RT-DT和RTS-DTS处理的土壤ROC含量较RT和RTS处理都呈下降趋势,RTS-DTS处理的ROC含量比RTS处理下降4.6%~10%;MBC含量降低23.8%~30.6%。虽然秸秆还田显著提高了各处理的DOC含量,但RTS转变为RTS-DTS处理后,其3个土层的DOC含量下降了8%~41%。相比于RT和RTS处理,RT-DT和RTS-DTS处理0~30 cm各土层中LOC在SOC中的比例显著下降。相关性分析结果表明,除POC与ROC之间无显著性相关关系外,SOC及各组分间均呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的相关关系。耕作�Soil organic carbon(SOC)and its labile carbon fractions(LOC)including particulate organic carbon(POC),readily oxidized organic carbon(ROC),microbial biomass carbon(MBC),dissolved organic carbon(DOC),can sensitive response to tillage method change and organic matters input.We compared the contents changes of SOC,POC,ROC,MBC,DOC and their correlations,and analyzed change in the proportion of LOC fractions in soil organic carbon(LOC/SOC),based on a 7 years old experiment for tillage method change and straw management including the rotary tillage with straw removal(RT),rotary tillage with straw return(RTS),rotary tillage conversion to subsoiling with straw removal(RT-DT)and rotary tillage conversion to subsoiling with straw return(RTS-DTS).The results showed that SOC contents in the depths of 0-10 and>10-20 cm under RTS-DTS increased by 16.9%and 20.0%compared with those of RTS treatment,respectively;while there had no significant difference on SOC in the depth of>10-20 cm between RTS-DTS and RTS treatments.Compared with the RT and RT-DT treatments,SOC content was increased 6.1%-15.6%and 19.1%-32.3%by the RTS and RTS-DTS treatments in three soil layers.POC contents increased after rotary tillage conversion to subsoiling awith straw return,its contents under RTS-DTS treatment in the 0-10,>10-20 and>20-30 cm soil depths were high 53.8%,30.7%and 13.6%than those of the RTS treatment,respectively.POC contents were increased 36.8%,24.5%and 34.0%by RTS-DTS in comparison to RT-DT.The highest POC content was generally observed at the 0-10 cm soil depth in each treatment.These differences of POC contents were significant affected by soil tillage(23.8%-63.0%),straw management(24.2%-72.4%)and their interaction effect(2.6%-25.1%).Compared with the RTS treatment,whereas,the contents of ROC,MBC and DOC were decreased by RTS-DTS in three soil depths.Soil ROC in the 0-10,>10-20 and>20-30 cm soil depths under RT-DT treatment were declined 19.9%,13.0%and 67.9%than those of RT treatment,and their contents under RTS-DTS treatment were dec

关 键 词：土壤 有机碳 秸秆还田 深松 活性有机碳 旋耕 碳组分 

分 类 号：S343.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]