3种生防制剂对棉花红腐病和立枯病的防效评价  

Effect Evaluation of Control Red Rot and Damping off with Three Bio-control Agents on Cotton

作　　者：李慧 刘保军 吴琼[1] 郭庆元[1] LI Hui;LIU Baojun;WU Qiong;GUO Qingyuan(College of Agricultural,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Engineering Research Center of Cotton Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2020年第4期694-704,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0201900)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究3种生防制剂对棉花红腐病和立枯病的防效,促进生防制剂的应用推广。【方法】针对棉花苗期病害选择3种生防制剂,通过毒力测定,制剂用量优化及室内和田间防病试验,对比分析其用于种子处理后的防病增产效果。【结果】3种制剂对棉花立枯病菌和红腐病的毒力由大到小分别为80%乙蒜素、100×108/g枯草芽孢杆菌、24%植物免疫增产蛋白;3种制剂用于种子处理时的适宜稀释倍数为300~500倍;80%乙蒜素对两病均有较高的单一防效和兼防效果,100×108/g枯草芽孢杆菌次之,24%植物免疫增产蛋白对两病的防效明显较低。80%乙蒜素拌种有62%~65%防效及11%的直接增产效益,100×108/g枯草芽孢杆菌有54%~58%防效及近10%直接增产效益;24%植物免疫增产蛋白有36%~40%的防效及10.4%直接增产效益。【结论】3种生防制剂对棉花苗期立枯病和红腐病均有一定的防病增产效果,其中80%乙蒜素最佳,100×108/g枯草芽孢杆菌次之;24%植物免疫增产蛋白防效较低但有一定的增产效果。【Objective】To promote the application and popularization of biological agents and reinforce the research in reducing the chemical pesticides and increasing the application efficiency.【Method】In this study,three kinds of biological control agents were selected for cotton seedling diseases.The effects of the agents were compared and analyzed by toxicity test,dosage optimization and laboratory and field disease control tests.【Results】The results of laboratory experiments showed the three pesticides that had effects on damping off and red rot varies from large to small were:80%Ethylicin,10 billion/g Bacillus subtilis,and 24%plant immune stimulation protein.The suitable dilution ratio of the three agents for seed treatment was 300 times to 500 times,80%of allicin had a high single and combined protective effect on both diseases,and followed by 10 billion/g Bacillus subtilis,and 24%plant immune stimulation protein had significantly lower control efficiency on both diseases.Field control efficiency and benefits analysis showed that:80%Ethylicin mixed seed had 62%-65%control efficiency and about 11%direct stimulation benefit,10 billion/g Bacillus subtilis had 54%-58%control efficiency and about 10%direct stimulation benefit;24%plant immune stimulation protein had 36%-40%control efficiency and about 10.4%direct stimulation benefit.【Conclusion】The three kinds of biocontrol pesticides were effective in preventing damping off and red rot in cotton seedling,80%of which were the best,followed by 10 billion/g Bacillus subtilis.The control effect of 24%plant immune stimulation protein is low but it has a certain effect in increasing the yield.

关 键 词：棉花 红腐病 立枯病 生防制剂 防效 

分 类 号：S476.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]