2018年安徽省血吸虫病疫情分析  

Endemic status of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province in 2018

作　　者：高风华[1] 张世清[1] 汪天平[1] 何家昶[1] 丁宋军[1] 许晓娟[1] 李婷婷[1] 代波[1] 刘婷 GAO Feng-hua;ZHANG Shi-qing;WANG Tian-ping;HE Jia-chang;DING Song-jun;XU Xiao-juan;LI Ting-ting;DAI Bo;LIU Ting(Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control,Hefei 230061,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,合肥230061

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2020年第1期41-45,55,共6页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

摘　　要：目的报告并分析2018年全省血吸虫病疫情状况与近年的变化趋势。方法对2004年以来,特别是2018年的全省血吸虫病疫情资料进行统计与分析。结果截至2018年底,全省共有9个市的50个县(市、区)流行血吸虫病,其中27个达到传播控制标准、13个达到传播阻断标准、10个达到消除标准。2018年,全省共询检214.7万人,发现阳性470689人;血检98.9万人,发现阳性11759人;粪检12.7万人,未发现阳性病人;全省现有病人数为5890人,其中推算慢性病人538例、晚期血吸虫病5352例,无急性血吸虫病病例,人群平均感染率为0.08%;全省流行村牛存栏26470头,共血检528头,粪检12992头,未发现病牛。全省共调查钉螺84365.2 hm^2,查出钉螺面积20269.3 hm^2,其中新发现钉螺15.0 hm^2、复现钉螺45.9 hm^2,未发现感染性钉螺;累计药物灭螺面积10763.8 hm^2,消灭钉螺面积137.4 hm^2,年底尚有钉螺面积26434.0 hm^2。2018年,全省50个国家级血吸虫病监测点病情监测未发现病人、病畜,钉螺监测显示有螺框出现率11.2%,活螺平均密度0.38只/0.11m^2,未发现感染性钉螺。2004~2018年,全省人群和牛的平均感染率均呈现明显的下降趋势,分别下降了90.4%和100%,有螺面积在2.64亿m^2~3.10亿m^2间徘徊波动并有小幅下降,已连续6年未发现急性血吸虫病例和感染性钉螺。结论全省血吸虫病疫情进一步下降,局部地区仍然存在血吸虫病传播风险。为达到血吸虫病传播阻断乃至消除血吸虫病的目标,仍需要加大防治及监测工作的力度。Objective To analyze the endemic status of schistosomiasis in 2018 and epidemiological trend of this disease in the past years in Anhui Province.Methods The data on schistosomiasis prevalence and control were collected and analyzed in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2018.Results By the end of 2018,among 50 counties endemic for Schistomiasis japonica distributed in 9 cities in Anhui,27,13 and 10 counties had reached the criteria of transmission control,transmission interruption and elimination,respectively.In 2018,2.147 million people were screened by inquiring investigation,0.989 million people by blood tests and 0.127 million by stool examination,which revealed positive results in 470689,11759 and 0,respectively.It was estimated that 5890 people were infected by schistosome,including chronic cases estimated in 538 and advanced cases in 5352.No acute cases were reported.The mean infection rate was 0.08%in human.In the 26470 bovines being raised in endemic areas,528 bovines were screened by blood test,and 12992 by stool test.No infection was found.The snail survey covered an area of 84365.2 hm^2,and snails were found in an area of 20269.3 hm^2,including 15.0 hm^2 with newly emerging snails and 45.9 hm^2 with reemerging snails.No infected snails were found.A total of 10763.8 hm^2 area with snail was controlled by using molluscicides,and 137.4 hm^2 with snails were eradicated.The area infested with Oncomelania hupensis snails was 26434.0 hm^2 in the end of 2018.The data of 50 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites showed that no population or livestock infection in 2018,the rate of frame and the density of living snail was 11.2%,0.38/0.11 m 2,respectively.A remarkable decline was found in the infection rate in human and bovines by 90.4%and 100%,respectively,from 2004 to 2018.The area with snail distribution was fluctuated between 0.264 billion m 2 and 0.310 billion m 2.No infected snails and acute cases of schistosomiasis had been found since 2013.Conclusion The results show that the schistosomiasis transmission te

关 键 词：血吸虫病 疫情 安徽省 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]