人民意志:马克思法哲学的思想特质  

The People’s Will:The Ideological Characteristics of Marx’s Philosophy of Law

作　　者：牟成文 Mou Chengwen

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学科学社会主义研究所,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2020年第3期25-43,204,共20页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：在国家制度的确立与实行中充分表达“人民意志”,是马克思深刻批判与根本颠覆传统法哲学致思理路并重构其价值的基石。马克思法哲学的理论本性需要我们超出已有研究范式与路径并从更为宽广的视域来深刻把握其整体脉络和基本特质。对于如何在国家制度的确立与实行中充分表达“人民意志”并由此来实现人的解放的问题,马克思在深刻批判黑格尔法哲学和创立唯物史观的基础上,通过建构“科学社会主义”,既深入考察了相关的“历史条件”并科学揭示完成这一问题的性质,又使无产阶级充分“认识到自己的行动的条件和性质”。因此马克思法哲学必将导向“科学社会主义”的逻辑就呈现在我们的视野中,人民性构成了马克思法哲学的基本特质和逻辑必然。Full expression of “the people’s will” in the establishment and implementation of the state system is the cornerstone of Marx’s profound critique and fundamental subversion of the traditional philosophy of law and of his reconstruction of its values. The theoretical nature of Marx’s philosophy of law requires us to go beyond the existing research paradigms and pathways and grasp its overall context and basic characteristics from a broader perspective. With regard to the question of how to fully express “the people’s will” in the establishment and implementation of the state system and the liberation of man that flowed from it, Marx made a profound critique of Hegel’s philosophy of law and created historical materialism. On this basis he formulated the theory of “scientific socialism” and profoundly examined the relevant “historical conditions” and scientifically revealed the nature of the issue, and also made the proletariat fully “aware of the conditions and nature of its actions.” Therefore, the logic of Marx’s philosophy of law, which inevitably leads to “scientific socialism,” reveals itself before our gaze. An orientation toward the people constitutes the basic characteristic and logical necessity of Marx’s philosophy of law.

关 键 词：“人民意志” 马克思法哲学 国家制度 科学社会主义 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]