公路混凝土用低坍落度塑性混凝土和无坍落度干硬性混凝土用引气剂的国内外研究进展  

Domestic and Foreign Research Progress of Air-entraining Agents for Low-slump of Plastic Concrete and No-slump of Dry-hard Concrete Used in Highway Concrete

作　　者：白亚飞 王栋民[1,2,3] BAI Yafei;WANG Dongmin(School of Chemical&Environmental Engineering,China University of Ming&Technology,Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Concrete and Environmental Materials,China University of Ming&Technology,Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta,Binzhou University,Binzhou 256603,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)混凝土与环境材料研究所,北京100083 [3]滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,滨州256603

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第7期99-106,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0505904);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51572293);山西重大专项研发计划(MC2016-02)。

摘　　要：引气剂作为一种能在混凝土拌合物的拌和过程中引入大量均匀分布的、闭合而稳定的微小气泡的外加剂,自被发现以来,一直受到国内外研究学者及同行的高度关注。其一方面能有效改善混凝土拌合物的和易性、保水性和粘聚性,提高混凝土的流动性;另一方面能极大提高混凝土的抗冻性、抗盐渍性、抗渗性、耐硫酸盐侵蚀及抗碱集料反应性能,有效降低混凝土的热扩散及传导系数,并且可以提高混凝土的体积稳定性,增强野外结构的耐候性,从而延长公路混凝土的使用寿命,提高公路混凝土的耐久性。引气剂主要用于抗冻性要求高的结构,如混凝土大坝、路面、桥面、飞机场道面等大面积易受冻的部位,具有非常广阔的研究和应用前景。然而,如今的引气剂,对于公路混凝土,尤其是低坍落度塑性混凝土和无坍落度干硬性混凝土,一直以来存在引气困难、引入气泡的起泡性差、稳泡性差、气泡直径较大以及气泡分布不均等难题,从而导致公路混凝土的工作性、抗冻性以及耐久性等性能较差。近年来,研究焦点主要基于如何有效解决引气剂引气难、引入气泡的起泡性差、稳泡性差、气泡直径较大以及气泡分布不均等问题而展开。目前已经基于松香树脂类、烷基和烷基芳烃磺酸类、脂肪醇磺酸盐类、皂苷类等原料进行了一定的研究。近年来国内外研究学者在以上原料的基础上,从分子结构设计角度出发,通过对分子进行有效改性,并引入一定量的特殊官能团,对引气剂在公路混凝土中所存在的问题进行了探索并取得了一定进展。本文以全新的视角讨论了公路混凝土用低坍落度塑性混凝土和无坍落度干硬性混凝土用引气剂的定义和种类及其评价方法,重点阐述了公路混凝土用低坍落度塑性混凝土和无坍落度干硬性混凝土用引气剂的国内外研究进展。从分子类型�Air entraining agent,as an admixture capable of introducing a large number of evenly distributed,closed and stable microbubbles in the mixing process of concrete mixture,has been highly concerned by researchers and peers at home and abroad since its discovery.Because on the one hand,it can effectively improve the workability,water retention and cohesiveness of concrete mixture,and improve the fluidity of concrete;on the other hand,it can greatly improve the frost resistance,salt resistance,impermeability,sulfate corrosion and alkali-resistant aggregate reaction performance of concrete,effectively reduce the thermal diffusion and conductivity of concrete,and can improve the volume stability of concrete,enhance the weather resistance of field structures,thereby prolonging the service life of highway concrete and improving durability of highway concrete.The air entraining agent is mainly used for structures with high frost resistance requirements,such as concrete dams,pavements,bridge decks,airport road surfaces and other large areas that are susceptible to freezing,and has a very broad research and application prospect.However,today’s air entraining agents,for highway concrete,especially low-slump of plastic concrete and non-slump of dry-hard concrete,have always had difficulty in ventilating,poor foaming of introduced bubbles,poor foam stability,and air bubbles.The problems of large diameter and uneven distribution of bubbles lead to serious problems such as poor workability,frost resistance and durability of highway concrete.In recent years,the focus of research has been based on how to effectively solve the problem of air entrainment dynamometer,poor foaming of introduced bubbles,poor bubble stability,large bubble diameter,and uneven bubble distribution.At present,research has been carried out on raw materials such as rosin resins,alkyl and alkyl arene sulfonic acids,fatty alcohol sulfonates,sapiens,etc.,and in recent years,researchers at home and abroad have based on the above raw materials,from the perspecti

关 键 词：公路 混凝土 引气剂 低坍落度 无坍落度 工作性 抗冻性 耐久性 

分 类 号：TU528.042.4[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]