钢轨高压水除鳞过程射流冲击流场及冲击压力分布研究  

Study on jet flow field and impact pressure distribution of rail high pressure water descaling process

作　　者：董永刚[1] 仪帅 栾嘉宾 李鸿全 李树林 DONG Yong-gang;YI Shuai;LUAN Jia-bin;LI Hong-quan;LI Shu-lin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;BOE Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100015,China;Taiyuan Heavy Industry Rail Transportation Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030032,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]京东方科技集团有限公司,北京100015 [3]太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司,山西太原030032

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2020年第2期144-153,共10页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50775196,51875501);山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D111005);河北省钢铁联合研究基金资助项目(E2015203431)。

摘　　要：根据钢轨异型坯断面形状、万能轧制过程高压水除鳞装置设备参数以及除鳞喷嘴的位置和特点,结合钢轨万能轧制规程确定了冲击靶距、除鳞时间和喷嘴出口速度等参数,并基于Fluent软件建立了60 kg·m^-1重轨高压水除鳞过程二维模型并完成了射流冲击过程流体流动场和冲击压力仿真。得到了单喷嘴和双喷嘴射流冲击下射流体积分数、高压水速度矢量分布以及轨腰、轨底和轨头表面的冲击压力分布,并且分析了冲击靶距、喷嘴数量和喷嘴出口速度等参数对钢轨异型坯表面冲击压力分布的影响。研究结果表明这种压力在喷嘴中心处最大,向边缘处逐步减小;同时受断面形状和喷嘴布置状况影响较大。According to the profile of the rail shaped blank,the equipment parameters of the high pressure water descaling device in the universal rolling process,as well as the position and characteristics of the descaling nozzle,the parameters such as impact target distance,descaling time and nozzle exit speed were determined in combination with the universal rolling procedure of the rail. Based on Fluent software,a two-dimensional model of 60 kg·m^-1 heavy rail high pressure water descaling process was established. The simulation of fluid flow field and impact pressure of jet impact process were completed. The volume fraction of jet fluid,the distribution of high pressure water velocity vector and the impact pressure distribution on the surface of the rail waist,rail bottom and rail head under single-nozzle and double nozzle jet flow impacts were obtained. And the effect of distance between jet targets,nozzle number and the velocity at the nozzle outlet on impact pressure distribution of rail shaped blank surface was analyzed. The results show that the pressure is the largest in the center of the nozzle and gradually decreases to the edge,at the same time,it is greatly influenced by the profile and nozzle arrangement.

关 键 词：钢轨异型坯 高压水除鳞 射流冲击流场 冲击压力 

分 类 号：TG176[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]