突发公共卫生事件公众风险认知量表编制及信效度检验  

Establishment and evaluation on reliability and validity of public risk perception scale for public health emergencies

作　　者：代亚君 郝艳华 吴群红 徐威 王心瑶 王晓菲 陈超亿 曹若湘[2] DAI Ya-jun;HAO Yan-hua;WU Qun-hong(Department of Social Medicine,College of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院社会医学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第2期227-231,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71673072,71173064)。

摘　　要：目的初步编制突发公共卫生事件公众风险认知量表,评价其信度及效度。方法基于文献研究和访谈法确定量表理论框架及维度,在维度下编制条目。通过网络调查法,在全国收集1 082份有效问卷,结合6种统计分析方法分析和筛选条目,使用验证性因子分析评价效度,以克朗巴赫系数和分半信度检验信度。结果通过统计学条目分析方法,同时结合专业知识进行综合分析,量表最终保留4个维度,分别为疫情严重性、可控性、健康影响严重性、可能性,共10个条目,累计贡献率达67.963%。验证性因子分析结果显示各检验量均处于标准范围,χ2/df=2.715,RMR=0.076, RMSEA=0.047;总量表同质信度克朗巴赫系数为0.885,分半信度为0.844,各维度与量表总分相关系数为0.735~0.877(P <0.01),显示该量表信效度良好。结论初步完成突发公共卫生事件公众风险认知量表条目筛选工作,且量表结构较为合理。Objective To develop a public risk perception scale for public health emergencies and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods We established a theoretical framework and dimensions of the scale based on literature researches and interviews to 25 experts and developed items for the established dimensions. Then, we conducted an online survey among 1 082 internet users randomly recruited all over China during an influenza epidemic season in January 2018.The items of the scale were analyzed and screened using 6 statistical methods. We adopted confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the validity and Cronbach′s α and split-half reliability to test the reliability of the scale. Results In the scale finally developed, there were 10 items for four dimensions(the severity, the controllability, the health impact severity, and the prevalence possibility of an epidemic), with an overall cumulative contribution rate of 67.963%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that all the tests were in the standard range(χ2/degree of freedom = 2.715, root mean square residual[RMR] = 0.076, root mean square error approximation [RMSEA] = 0.047). The Cronbach′ s α coefficient was 0.885 for homogeneity reliability and 0.844 for split-half reliability of the whole scale. The correlation coefficients between the total score of the scale and the dimensions′scores ranged 0.735 – 0.877(P < 0.01 for all). Conclusion The public risk perception scale for public health emergencies was preliminarily developed and the structure of the scale is reasonable.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 流感 量表编制 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]