焊接火焰引燃可燃粉尘特性研究  

Study on the characteristics of flammable dust induced by welding flame

作　　者：张琰 王松 任常兴 ZHANG Yan;WANG Song;REN Chang-xing(Tianjin Fire Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianshui Fire and Rescue Detachment,Gansu Tianshui 741000,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [2]天水市消防救援支队,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2020年第2期180-183,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“典型点火源表征方法及能量谱技术”(2017YFC0804703);应急管理部天津消防研究所基础科研费项目“典型可燃气体引燃能量特征与粉尘自燃特征研究”(2018SJ05)。

摘　　要：通过统计分析多起粉尘爆炸事故,以明火这一常见点火源作为研究对象,研制了模拟焊接火焰为代表的明火点火源引燃粉尘实验装置,采用玉米淀粉、石松子粉和煤粉为实验材料,研究了明火引燃可燃性粉尘的特性。玉米淀粉和石松子粉在燃爆过程中最高温度分别是956、855℃;明火作用下,半开放空间中可燃粉尘能够被引燃的质量浓度明显高于采用20 L球装置测得的爆炸下限。明火不易引燃类似煤粉的对温度类点火源不敏感的粉尘,故判定粉尘可燃性时,明火点火源可作为初步筛选的手段,20 L球测试装置是判定粉尘可爆性的最终方法。Through the statistical analysis of several dust explosion accidents, taking open fire as a common ignition source as the research object, test device was developed to study the characteristics of combustible dust induced by open flame represented by welding flame. Experiments were carried out by using corn starch,lycopodium dust and coal powder as test materials to study the characteristics of igniting combustible dust by open fire. The maximum temperature of corn starch and lycopodium dust in the combustion process were 956 ℃and 855 ℃. The mass concentration of dust ignited by open fire in semi-open space is significantly higher than the LEL measured by 20 L spherical device. Open flame is not easy to ignite the dust, such as coal dust, that is insensitive to temperature ignition source. Therefore, when determining the flammability of dust, open flame could be used as a preliminary screening method and 20 L spherical device is the final method to determine the combustibility of dust.

关 键 词：明火 焊接火焰 粉尘爆炸 燃爆特性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X941