甘肃冬小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成及其品质现状分析  

The composition of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in Gansu winter wheats and analysis of their quality status

作　　者：郑琪 李欣[2] 任根深 李兴茂[3] 张爱民[2] ZHENG Qi;LI Xin;REN Genshen;LI Xingmao;ZHANG Aimin(Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang,Gansu 744000,China;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Dryland Agriculture Institute,Gansu Academy of Agriculture Science,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]平凉市农业科学院,甘肃平凉744000 [2]植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101 [3]甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2020年第1期290-294,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0101003);植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室开放课题(PCCE-KF-2018-01);甘肃省生物育种专项(2019GAAS07)。

摘　　要：对近年来甘肃冬麦区新育成和引进的72份冬小麦新品种(系)的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)进行了检测和品质评价。结果表明:HMW-GS的组成中,Glu-A1位点的3种亚基类型(Null、1、2~*)均有分布;Glu-B1位点主要存在5种亚基类型/组合,即7+8、7+9、6+8、13+16、20x+20y;Glu-D1位点存在Null、 2+12、5+10三种亚基类型/组合;其中,优质亚基/组合1、2~*、13+16、5+10出现的频率分别为70.83%、2.78%、1.39%和33.33%。近年来甘肃冬小麦品质改良育种工作成效显著,1和7+8优质亚基频率明显提高,49个新品种(系)以1/7+8/2+12亚基组合类型为主,占44.90%;1/7+8/5+10优质亚基组合类型在新品种(系)中较少(12.24%)。因此,进一步将14+15,13+16和5+10等优质亚基导入甘肃冬麦区主栽品种,培育优质小麦新品种(系)对甘肃陇东地区小麦品质改良具有重要意义。High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS)is closely related to the processing quality of wheat flour.In this study,HMW-GS compositions of 72 varieties(lines)in Gansu were investigated and the quality of them was also evaluated.The results showed that these wheat varieties(lines)had three types of HMW-GS at the Glu-A1 locus,namely,Null,1,and 2*.There were five types of HMW-GS at the Glu-B1 locus:7+8,7+9,6+8,13+16,and 20x+20y.At the Glu-D1 locus,three types of HMW-GS existed.They were Null,2+12 and 5+10.The frequency of HMW-GS 1,2*,13+16,and 5+10 was 70.83%,2.78%,1.39%and 33.33%,respectively.In recent years,the improvement of Null and 7+9 subunits composition at Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 loci in Gansu winter wheat breeding is remarkable.The frequency of good processing quality subunits of 1 and 7+8 were obviously increased.The combination of 1/7+8/2+12 was the major type in new wheat varieties(lines),which accounted for 44.90%.The percentage of new varieties(lines)with high quality subunit combination of 1/7+8/5+10 was low,accounting for only 12.24%.Therefore,introducing good quality subunits,such as 14+15 and 13+16 at Glu-B1 locus and 5+10 at Glu-D1 locus into Gansu winter varieties was highly desirable.It is also important for bread quality improvement and release of new wheat varieties in wheat production areasin east of Gansu.

关 键 词：冬小麦 高分子量谷蛋白亚基 品质现状 甘肃省 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330