接种AM真菌和施氮对还田稻秆氮素释放和小麦产量的影响  

Effects of AM Fungi Inoculation and Nitrogen Application on Rice-straw Nitrogen Release and Wheat Yield

作　　者：贾艳艳[1] 杨文飞[1] 杜小凤[1] 王伟中[1] 文廷刚[1] 孙爱侠 诸俊[1] 顾大路[1] JIA Yan-yan;YANG Wen-fei;DU Xiao-feng;WANG Wei-zhong;WEN Ting-gang;SUN Ai-xia;ZHU Jun;GU Da-lu(Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu,Huaian 223001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2020年第3期8-13,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-2-13);农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室开放课题(AE2018003);江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室开发课题(17HZHL007);淮安市农科院院长科研基金项目(HAB201720);淮安市农业科学研究院高层次引进人才科研启动发展基金项目(002201901413)。

摘　　要：通过大田试验研究了稻-麦两熟制中接种AM真菌(摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae)与不同施氮量(250、260和270 kg/hm^2)对还田稻秆氮素的释放量、土壤酶活性、小麦产量和氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明:接种AM真菌显著增加了250 kg/hm^2和260 kg/hm^2施氮量下土壤蛋白酶和脲酶的活性、小麦全生育期稻秆的总氮素释放量以及小麦的氮肥利用率和农学效率;接种AM真菌对260 kg/hm^2与270 kg/hm^2施氮量下小麦的千粒重和产量无显著影响,但均显著高于250 kg/hm^2施氮量和空白对照下的。因此,在秸秆还田条件下,260 kg/hm^2施氮量+接种摩西球囊霉菌剂为本试验的最佳处理组合。Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AM fungi,Glomus mosseae)and N rate(250,260 and 270 kg/hm^2)on rice-straw nitrogen(N)release,soil enzyme activity,wheat yield and N use efficiency in the rice-wheat cropping system.The results showed that inoculation of AM fungi significantly accelerated protease and urease activities and the total N release of rice straw in the whole growth period of wheat under 250 and 260 kg/hm^2 N treatment.The N use efficiency and agronomic efficiency of wheat were also promoted significantly.AM fungi Inoculation had no significant effect on 1000-grain weight and yield of wheat under 260 and 270 kg/hm^2 N treatments,but both were significantly greater than 250 kg/hm^2 N fertilization and blank control.These results reflected that inoculating with G.mosseae and fertilizing with 260 kg/hm^2 N was ideal for N uptake by wheat under rice straw returning field.

关 键 词：小麦 丛植菌根真菌 秸秆还田 氮肥利用率 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]