高压-超高压碳酸盐岩气藏渗流机理及开发特征--以阿姆河盆地M区为例  

Seepage mechanism and development characteristics of high and ultra-high pressure carbonate gas reservoirs:A case study from the M Block of the Amu Darya Basin

作　　者：张李 刘荣和 冷有恒 蔡坤赤 高仪君 孟中华 刘媛媛[3] ZHANG Li;LIU Ronghe;LENG Youheng;CAI Kunchi;GAO Yijun;MENG Zhonghua;LIU Yuanyuan(Geology Exploration and Development Research Institute,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;PetroChina-Turkmenistan Amu Darya River Gas Company,Beijing 100000,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油川庆钻探工程公司地质勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油(土库曼斯坦)阿姆河天然气公司 [3]中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2020年第3期92-98,共7页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸裂缝孔隙(洞)型碳酸盐岩气藏高效开发关键技术研究与应用”(编号:2017ZX05030-003)。

摘　　要：为了弄清影响高压-超高压气井生产动态的根本原因,选取土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地M区多个碳酸盐岩气藏储层岩心,开展了多回次变围压应力敏感、衰竭式开发、CT扫描及三维数字岩心模拟等实验,在此基础上,深入剖析了高压-超高压气井的生产动态特征,研究了不同产状裂缝及其发育程度对气井产能的影响,进而提出了M区高压-超高压碳酸盐岩气藏在开发早期需采取的合理对策。研究结果表明:(1)应力敏感实验表明,孔隙型及孔洞型岩心应力敏感程度中等偏弱,裂缝-孔隙型岩心应力敏感程度强,渗透率不可逆损害率高且损害率主要集中在加压初期;(2)岩石弹性膨胀是高压-超高压气藏开采早期的主要驱动能量;(3)高压-超高压气藏在开发早期应控制采气速度,有利于降低气井产能递减幅度、增加阶段采出程度;(4)裂缝-孔隙型储层中气井初始产能主要受裂缝发育程度的影响,产能递减幅度主要受裂缝产状的影响;(5)以发育低角度裂缝为主的储层,地层压力降低后裂缝易闭合,气井产能递减较快,在开发早期应严格控制生产压差;(6)阿姆河盆地高压-超高压气藏大部分气井在地层压力降至45 MPa以前,应尽量保持生产压差小于5 MPa。结论认为,所建立的方法具有一定的通用性,可以为其他地区高压-超高压气藏的优化开发提供借鉴。In order to understand the root causes that affect the production performance of high and ultra-high pressure gas wells,this paper selected multiple cores from the carbonate gas reservoirs in the M Block of the Amu Darya Basin,Turkmenistan to carry out multiround stress sensitivity experiments under variable confining pressure,depletion development experiments,CT scanning experiments and three-dimensional digital core simulation experiments.Then,the production characteristics of high and ultra-high pressure gas wells were analyzed in detail,and the effects of fractures of different occurrences and their development degrees on gas well productivity were studied.Finally,reasonable development countermeasures for the high and ultra-high pressure gas reservoirs in the carbonate gas field of the M Block in the early development stage were put forward.And the following research results were obtained.First,stress sensitivity experiments show that the stress sensitivity of porous and vuggy cores is moderately weak and that of fractured-porous cores is strong.In addition,the irreversible permeability damage rate is high and mainly concentrated in the initial stage of pressurization.Second,the elastic expansion of rocks is the main drive energy in the early exploitation stage of high and ultra-high pressure gas reservoirs.Third,as for high and ultra-high pressure gas reservoirs,it is necessary to control the gas production rate in the early stage of development,which is beneficial to reduce the decline amplitude of gas well productivity and increase the intermediate degree of reserve recovery.Fourth,the initial productivity of the gas wells in fractured-porous reservoirs is mainly affected by the fracture development degree,and the decline amplitude of gas well productivity is mainly dominated by the fracture occurrence.Fifth,for the reservoirs dominated by the low-angle fractures,after the formation pressure drops,the fractures get closed easily and the gas well productivity decreases rapidly.Therefore,the production pres

关 键 词：高压-超高压气藏 应力敏感实验 渗流机理 开发特征 弹性驱动能量 气井产能 土库曼斯坦 阿姆河盆地M区 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]