木质素基碳纤维的制备及应用研究现状  

Preparation and Application of Lignin-Based Carbon Fibers

作　　者：吴红 刘呈坤 阳智 毛雪 Hong Wu;Chengkun Liu;Zhi Yang;Xue Mao(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Xi'an Polytechnic University,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学纺织科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2020年第2期176-183,共8页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51503168);陕西省创新人才推进计划-青年科技新星项目(2017KJXX-23);山东省博士后创新项目专项资金资助项目(201504);西安工程大学研究生年度创新基金(chx2019002)。

摘　　要：碳纤维具有低密度、高模量等一系列优异性能,具有广泛的应用领域。木质素作为一种丰富的可再生资源在自然界中的含量仅次于纤维素,碳含量高达60%以上,是一种新型的制备碳纤维的理想原料。文中根据纺丝工艺的不同,从前驱体溶液、纺丝参数、预氧化和碳化工艺角度,分别阐述并讨论了木质素基碳纤维的多种制备方法,包括熔融纺丝、湿法纺丝、凝胶纺丝及静电纺丝。并介绍了木质素基碳纤维的应用领域,为今后研究者高效利用木质素资源提供参考。Carbon fiber has a series of excellent properties, such as low density, high modulus, and has a wide range of applications. As a rich and renewable resource, lignin content is second only to cellulose in the world, and its carbon content is as high as 60%. It is a new type of ideal raw material for carbon fiber. Various preparation methods of lignin-based carbon fibers, including melt spinning, wet spinning, gel spinning and electrospinning were elaborated and discussed from the aspects of precursor solution, spinning parameters, pre-oxidation and carbonization processes.Application fields of lignin-based carbon fibers were also introduced to provide reference for researchers to use lignin resources efficiently.

关 键 词：木质素 碳纤维 熔融纺丝 湿法纺丝 凝胶纺丝 静电纺丝 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业]