温度和盐度对北美海蓬子营养盐吸收速率的影响研究  

Study on the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Rate of Nutrient Uptake by Salicornia bigelovii

作　　者：张朕 刘鲁雷 李晋军 朱效鹏 郝振林[1] 丛明 Zhang Zhen

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,大连116023

出　　处：《齐鲁渔业》2020年第3期10-19,I0001,共11页Shandong Fisheries

摘　　要：北美海蓬子(Salicornia hige)是一种耐盐范围广、适应能力强的盐生植物,可以用于净化处理海水养殖废水,不过关于温度和盐度对其营养盐吸收速率的影响研究较少。本研究以北美海蓬子为实验材料,分析了不同温度(20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃)和不同盐度(25、50、75、100)下海蓬子对海水中主要营养盐的吸收速率,以期为海蓬子生态浮床的应用工作提供可靠的数据参考。结果显示:温度和盐度均对海蓬子的吸收速率产生明显影响,在30~35t温度下海蓬子对营养盐的吸收速率最快,以硝态氮为例,吸收速率能够达到2.56 mg·E^-4·g^-1·d^-1;在8~16 g·L^-1海水盐度下,海蓬子对于营养盐的吸收速率最快,以硝态氮为例,吸收速率可以达到1.56 mg·E^-4·g^-1·d^-1。海蓬子能够有效地吸收海水中的氮磷等营养元素,是用于养殖废水处理植物的良好选择,在合适的水体中利用海蓬子处理养殖废水,能够发挥其最大的吸收效率,达到较好的净化效果。Salicornia bigelovii is a halophyte with a wide range of salt tolerance and strong adaptability,and has a huge potential in purifying mariculture wastewater,however the effect of temperature and salinity on its absorption for nutrient salts is rarely known.In this study,different degree of temperatures(20、25、30、35℃)and salinities(25、50、75、100%)were set to detect the effect of the ambient on Salicornia bigelovii's absorption of nutrient salts,respectively.The results show that both temperature and salinity had a significant effect on the absorption rate of Salicornia bigelovii.In the temperature range of 30-35℃,Salicornia bigelovii had the fastest absorption rate,for instance,the absorption rate of nitrate nitrogen could reach at 2.56 mg·E^-4·g^-1·d^-1;Under the salinity of 8-16g·L^-1,the absorption rate of nitrate nitrogen peaked at 1.56 mg·E^-4·g^-1·d^-1.Given Salicornia bigelovii can effectively absorb nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in seawater,it is a good choice to treat the wastewater from aquaculture.According to our results,the absorbing efficiency of Salicornia bigelovii can be promoted by optimizing its ambient temperature and salinity.

关 键 词：海蓬子 温度 盐度 营养盐 吸收速率 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]