不同水稻品种在布隆迪的适应性研究  

Adaptability of different rice varieties in Burundi

作　　者：刘开强[1] 陈雷[2] 黄玉溢[3] 高国庆[2] 陈彩虹[1] 高利军[1] 潘英华[2] LIU Kai-qiang;CHEN Lei;HUANG Yu-yi;GAO Guo-qing;CHEN Cai-hong;GAO Li-jun;PAN Ying-hua(Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory,Nanning 530007;Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding,Nanning 530007,China;Agriculturual Resources and Environment Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院/广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁530007 [3]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第2期283-290,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科合1346009-4);广西水稻优质化育种研究人才小高地青年人才培养基金项目(桂农科水稻QN-05);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2020YM72)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨我国不同水稻品种在布隆迪不同生态点的种植表现,筛选适宜当地种植的水稻新品种,为我国水稻新品种、新技术在非洲的推广应用提供理论参考和技术指导。【方法】采用多点鉴定的方式,以布隆迪水稻品种V18为对照,对我国7个水稻品种的生育期、产量、产量构成要素及抗病性等进行评价与鉴定。同时,利用布隆迪水稻品种V18和TOX,以当地传统大田种植方式为对照,进行不同栽培模式研究。【结果】在生育期方面,与对照V18相比,IMBO试验基地桂育7号、特优63、特优649、特优7571、特优831和新香占的生育期较短,MOSO试验基地桂丰2号、桂育7号、特优63、特优649、特优7571和特优831的生育期较短,两地均表现为多数参试品种比对照V18趋向于早熟。在产量方面,IMBO试验基地桂丰2号、桂育7号、特优63、特优649、特优7571、特优831和新香占的产量分别较对照V18增产18.97%、24.14%、25.86%、50.00%、31.03%、29.31%和24.14%;MOSO试验基地桂丰2号、桂育7号、特优649、特优7571、特优831和新香占的产量分别较对照V18增产37.04%、29.63%、14.81%、33.33%、33.33%和33.33%。抗病性鉴定结果表明,特优63、特优649和特优7571的综合抗病性较强。栽培模式试验结果表明,以实际产量为选择依据,插秧行间距20 cm×15 cm是较适合TOX品种的种植方式,插秧行间距20 cm×20 cm是较适宜V18品种的种植模式。【结论】综合产量、品质和抗病性等因素,筛选出适宜布隆迪种植的水稻品种特优649和特优7571。此外,采用适宜的栽培方式可有效提高布隆迪水稻产量。【Objective】This paper discussed the planting performance of different Chinese rice varieties in different ecological sites in Burundi,selected the suitable varieties for Burundi,and provided theoretical reference and technical guidance for the application of Chinese new rice varieties and cultivation methods in Africa.【Method】The growth period,yield,yield components and disease resistance of seven rice varieties introduced from China were evaluated and identified by means of multi-point identification with Burundi rice variety V18 as the control. Meanwhile,different cultivation methods were studied by using Burundi rice varieties V18 and TOX in comparison with local traditional field cultivation method as control.【Result】Guiyu 7,Teyou 63,Teyou 649,Teyou 7571,Teyou 831 and Xinxiangzhan had shorter growth periods compared with V18 in IMBO base. Guifeng 2,Guiyu 7,Teyou 63,Teyou 649,Teyou 7571 and Teyou 831 all had shorter growth periods than the local variety V18 in MOSO base. For production,the yield of Guifeng 2,Guiyu 7,Teyou63,Teyou 649,Teyou 7571,Teyou 831 and Xinxiangzhan increased by 18.97%,24.14%,25.86%,50.00%,31.03%,29.31%,24.14% than V18 in IMBO base. The yield of Guifeng 2,Guiyu 7,Teyou 649,Teyou 7571,Teyou 831,Xinxiangzhan increased by 37.04%,29.63%,14.81%,33.33%,33.33%,33.33% than V18 in MOSO base. The results of disease resistance implied that Teyou 63,Teyou 649,Teyou 7571 had strong comprehensive tolerance. The results of cultivation model test showed that,based on the actual yield,the planting method with row spacing of 20 cm×15 cm was more suitable for TOX,and the planting mode with row spacing of 20 cm×20 cm was more suitable for V18.【Conclusion】Based on several factors such as yield,quality and disease resistance,two rice varieties(Teyou 649 and Teyou 7571)suitable for planting in Burundi have been selected. In addition,the suitable cultivation method can also effectively increase rice yield in Burundi.

关 键 词：布隆迪 水稻 产量 适应性 

分 类 号：S511.037[农业科学—作物学]