逆全球化与国际经济新秩序的开启  

Anti-Globalization and Initiation of the New International Economic Order

作　　者：佟家栋 何欢 涂红 Tong Jiadong;He Huan;Tu Hong

机构地区：[1]南开大学APEC研究中心,天津300071 [2]广西大学商学院,广西南宁530004 [3]南开大学金融学院,天津300350

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第2期1-9,共9页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部基地重大课题(17JJDGJW013);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(63192241)。

摘　　要：美国以长期的贸易逆差为由对中国发起了持续的贸易限制与技术封锁,对多国实施单边贸易保护措施,开启了逆全球化浪潮,给世界经济增长、全球贸易体系运行以及新兴国家发展都带来了严重影响。打造互利共赢的国际经济新秩序成为全球各国共同的诉求,而美国企图以"对等贸易"替代原有的贸易秩序,实则是以一种贸易霸凌强行实现美国与各国的贸易收支平衡,无疑是违背自由贸易原则以及市场经济规律的,也终将会以减弱美元的国际货币地位作为交换代价。当前,全球已进入了一个没有美国作为主导者的国际经济新秩序探索期和磨合期,在迈向新秩序的过程中,美国会因其放弃对全球的责任国际地位逐渐下降,而中国将在供给侧结构性改革、一带一路建设、人民币国际化推进以及人类命运共同体打造过程中,在国际经济新秩序建设中扮演更加重要的推动者、维护者、主导者的角色,承担更多更大的国际责任。The U. S. has launched a sustained trade restrictions and technology blockade against China on the grounds of a long-term trade deficit, and imposed unilateral trade protection measures on many other countries. This triggered a wave of anti-globalization that has had a serious impact on world economic growth, the functionality of the global trading system and the development of emerging economies. A mutually beneficial and win-win new international economic order has become the common aspiration of all countries in the world. On the contrary, the United States’ attempt to replace the original trade order with"reciprocal trade"is designed to achieve a trade balance between the United States and other countries through a means of trade bullying. It is undoubtedly contrary to the principles of free trade and the laws of market economy, and could potentially cost the U.S. with the loss of dollar dominance in international currency. The world has already entered a period of exploring a new international economic order without the U.S. as its leader.In the process of moving towards the new order, the leading international position of the U.S. will gradually decline as it abandons its global responsibility. Concurrently, China will play a more important role as a promoter, defender, and leader in building a new international economic order and take more international responsibility while it implements the supply-side structural reform and the Belt and Road Initiative, and promotes the internationalization of the RMB and a community of shared future for mankind.

关 键 词：逆全球化 国际经济新秩序 对等贸易 

分 类 号：F113[经济管理—国际贸易]