“往往”的历时义项与词义演变  

Diachronic Meanings and Semantic Changes on “往往”

作　　者：江雨馨 岳岩[2] JIANG-Yu-xin;YUE Yan(Chinese Language&Culture College,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Intensive Chinese Training,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学汉语文化学院,北京100875 [2]北京语言大学汉语速成学院,北京100083

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第3期112-116,共5页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：北京语言大学校级科研项目(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金):汉语国际教育视角下现代汉语AA重叠式频率副词的历时考察与形成动因分析(18YJ080309)。

摘　　要：“往往”是古、现代汉语中高频使用的副词,对古代汉语语料库穷尽式的调查发现,主流词典对其历时义项的归纳存在偏颇,基于[+普遍性]的词义图式,“往往”在历时演变中依次发展出四个主要义项:“处处”、“通常”、“纷纷”与“经常、常常”,它的词义演变体现了认知焦点在空间域、经验域、个体行为和时间域上的转移,除了“通常”义外,其余三个义项由于近、同义词的排挤均在不同的历史时期逐渐走向消亡。“往往”的历时演变轨迹也成为了它与副词“常常”在现代汉语中产生纠葛的历史原因。The Chinese word“往往”is a commonly used adverb in the Chinese language,while on thorough examination of the ancient Chinese corpus,we discover that the mainstream dictionaries fail to cover comprehensive and correct meanings of it.Based on semantic schema[+universality],there developed four meanings from“往往”in history:“everywhere”,“normally”,“successively”and“often”,revealing the shifts of cognitive focus among space domain,experience domain,individual behavior and time domain.Except for“normally”,all the other three meanings disappeared in modern Chinese as time passed.The diachronic meanings of“往往”can be a good historical explanation to the dispute between“往往”and“常常”in modern Chinese.

关 键 词：词义演变 共性图式 认知 往往 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]