大同煤田(北区)岩溶陷落柱发育规律及成因分析  

Development regularity and genesis analysis of Karst subsidence columns in Datong Coalfield(North District)

作　　者：段俭君[1] Duan Jianjun(The Third Hydrogeological Team of China Coal Geology Administration,Handan 560001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国煤炭地质总局第三水文地质队,河北邯郸560001

出　　处：《煤炭与化工》2019年第12期1-5,共5页Coal and Chemical Industry

摘　　要：在煤层开采过程中,当掘进巷道或回采工作面接近陷落柱时,围岩应力破坏而造成通道导水,危害矿井安全。大同煤田(北区)地处华北地台北部边缘,所处岩溶水系统为隐伏排泄的独特性质,陷落柱基本为隐伏型,井下揭露前大多无预兆,典型的隐伏陷落柱+裂隙发育带为突水通道,探查和治理难度较大。本区陷落柱发育特征北部形态多为圆形,具有小而集中分布规律,南部形态多为椭圆形,具有大而稀疏的分布规律。区内北部成因主要与岩性和径流条件相关,南部主要与构造紧密相关,熟悉岩溶陷落柱的发育特征,了解其成因对探查陷落柱和防治措施提供重要依据,对陷落柱分布规律的预测以及对其分析成因,提前做好矿井水害防治工作,对煤矿安全生产具有重要意义。In the process of coal seam mining,when the roadway or mining face is near the subsidence column,the surrounding rock is damaged due to stress damage and the channel conducts water,which endangers the mine safety.The Datong Coalfield(North District)is located on the northern edge of the North China platform.The karst water system is of a unique nature of hidden drainage.The subsidence columns were basically concealed.Most of them had no warning before the underground exposure.The typical hidden subsidence columns+fracture development zone water inrush channels were more difficult to explore and manage.The development features of the subsidence columns in this area are mostly circular in the north,with a small and concentrated distribution pattern,and mostly oval in the south,with a large and sparse distribution pattern,the genesis of the northern part of the zone was mainly related to lithology and runoff conditions,and the southern part was closely related to the structure.Familiar with the development characteristics of Karst collapse columns and understanding its genesis provided an important basis for the exploration of collapse columns and prevention measures.Analyzing the cause of the problem in advance to prevent and control the mine water damage are was of great significance to the safety of coal mine production.

关 键 词：陷落柱 发育规律 成因分析 大同煤田 

分 类 号：TD74[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]