中山地区成分制备中血液报废原因分析与措施  

Causes analysis and measures of blood scraping in component preparation in Zhongshan area

作　　者：林惠燕 LIN Huiyan(Department of Quality Control,Zhongshan Central Blood Station,Guangdong,Zhongshan 528403,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市中心血站质管科,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2020年第4期291-294,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的探讨中山地区成分制备过程中发生血液报废的原因并对其相应的处理方法进行阐述。方法将2016年1月~2018年12月制备的476 879份成分血液作为本次研究对象,采用随机抽样法对近三年内本血站在成分制备过程中,不同报废原因进行回顾性统计分析,并就相关统计数据分析总结得出相应的应对措施。结果将2016~2018年制备的476 879份成分血液作为本次研究对象,三年采血量143 848例次,其中主要报废原因包括:脂肪血、破损、不足量、血液凝块、颜色异常、溶血、过期等,2016年的报废率为1.452%,2017年的报废率为1.680%,2018年的报废率为1.760%;呈逐年上升趋势。结论制备血液成分过程任何一个环节失误都可能造成血液的报废,而制备过程中也存在献血者自身因素、仪器设备、物理因素、耗材质量等引发血液报废的因素,做好献血前征询、体检,规范采血人员与成分制备人员的操作,提高工作人员质量意识,定期维护关键仪器设备,提升相关人员操作技巧,保证冷链运输以及制备,轻拿轻放,降低血液成分过程中发生血液报废的概率。Objective To explore the causes of blood scraping in the process of component preparation in Zhongshan area and to put forward appropriate measures. Methods 476 879 component blood samples prepared from January 2016 to December 2018 were taken as the research subjects. The causes of blood scraping in the process of component preparation in the past three years were retrospectively analyzed using the random sampling method,and the corresponding countermeasures were summarized based on the analysis of relevant statistical data. Results 476,879 component blood prepared from 2016 to 2018 was taken as the research subjects,with 143,848 blood samples collected in three years.The main causes of scrapping included:fatty blood,breakage,insufficient amount,blood clot,abnormal color,hemolysis,expiration,etc.The scrap rate was 1.452% in 2016,1.680% in 2017,and 1.760% in 2018,showing an increasing trend year by year. Conclusion Any mistake in the process of blood components preparation may cause the scrap of blood,and there are also factors that lead to the scrap of blood,such as the donor’s own factors,instruments and equipment,physical factors,consumables quality,etc.It is necessary to conduct consultation and physical examination before blood donation,standardize the operation of blood collection personnel and component preparation personnel,improve the quality awareness of staff,regularly maintain key instruments and equipment,improve the operation skills of relevant personnel,ensure the cold chain transportation and preparation,handle with care,and reduce the probability of blood scraping in the process of blood components preparation.

关 键 词：回顾分析 成分制备 血液报废 脂肪血 破损 血液凝块 报废因素 预防方法 

分 类 号：R197.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]