准噶尔盆地大中型气田(藏)形成条件与勘探方向  

Formation conditions and exploration direction of large and medium gas reservoirs in the Junggar Basin,NW China

作　　者：胡素云[1] 王小军[2] 曹正林[1] 李建忠[1] 龚德瑜 徐洋 HU Suyun;WANG Xiaojun;CAO Zhenglin;LI Jianzhong;GONG Deyu;XU Yang(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China;Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Karamay 834000,China;PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油新疆油田公司,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]中国石油杭州地质研究院,杭州310023

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2020年第2期247-259,共13页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“岩性地层油气藏成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(2017ZX5001)。

摘　　要：准噶尔盆地现有勘探结果呈现出'油多气少'的特点,与天然气地质条件不匹配。基于主力气源灶分析、天然气地质条件与控藏要素评价,认为准噶尔盆地具备大中型气田(藏)形成基本条件,未来天然气勘探应关注3大重点领域与勘探方向:①石炭系火山岩,东北、东南和西北3大活动陆缘均发育石炭系残余生烃凹陷和规模火山岩储集层,火山岩储集层与上乌尔禾组湖泛泥岩配置形成优质储盖组合,控制天然气聚集,存在滴南凸起带、东部隆起带和中拐凸起带3大有利勘探方向;②南缘下组合发育成排成带的构造圈闭,保存完整,圈源时空配置好,多套有效碎屑岩储集层与超压泥岩盖层配置形成有利储盖组合,是侏罗系大中型煤型气田(藏)勘探有利方向,南缘中东段7大构造圈闭是近期探索的重点目标;③中央坳陷带发育玛湖、沙湾和阜康等大型生烃凹陷,烃源岩埋深大,热演化程度高,是寻找二叠系高—过成熟天然气田(藏)的有利方向,存在深大构造和大型构造-岩性两类勘探目标。建议立足3大含气系统,围绕3大重点领域,按3个层次加快盆地天然气勘探步伐。The Junggar Basin is rich in oil but lacks natural gas,which is inconsistent with its geological background of natural gas.Based on the analysis of main source kitchens,and the evaluation of geological setting and controlling factors of gas accumulation,it is proposed that three significant fields for gas exploration should be emphasized.The first field is the Carboniferous volcanic rocks.The Carboniferous residual sags and large-scale reservoirs were developed in three active continental margins,i.e.,the southeastern,northeastern and northwestern active continental margins.Gas accumulation is controlled by the favorable reservoir-caprock combinations composed of volcanic rocks and their superimposed lacustrine mudstones in the Upper Wuerhe Formation.Dinan,Eastern and Zhongguai uplifts are three favorable directions for natural gas exploration.The second field is the Lower combinations in the southern margin of Junggar Basin.Rows of structural traps were developed in this area with ideal preservation conditions and space-time configuration for trap-source combinations.Sets of clastic reservoirs and overpressured mudstones formed perfect reservoir-caprock combinations which are the main exploration direction for Jurassic coal-type gas reservoirs in this area.The seven large structural traps in the middle-east section are recently the most significant targets.The last field is the Central Depression.Large hydrocarbon generating centers,i.e.,Mahu,Fukang and Shawan sags,were developed in this area,their source rocks were deeply buried and at highly-mature stage.Thus the Central Depression is a favorable exploration direction for Permian high-over mature gas fields(reservoirs).Great attentions should be paid to two types of targets,the deeply–buried structures and structural-lithologic traps.Based on three main gas systems,gas exploration is suggested be strengthened within three fields and on three levels.

关 键 词：准噶尔盆地 天然气勘探 石炭系火山岩 南缘下组合 中央坳陷带 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]