低渗透砂岩储集层渗透性伤害的微观机理与改造技术——以济阳坳陷胜利油田为例  

Permeability damage micro-mechanisms and stimulation of low-permeability sandstone reservoirs:A case study from Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China

作　　者：张守鹏 方正伟[1,2,3,4,5] ZHANG Shoupeng;FANG Zhengwei(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Shengli Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Dongying 257015,China;Key Laboratory of Shale Oil/Gas Exploration and Production,Sinopec,Dongving 257015,China;Shale Oil Research and Development Center of National Energy Administration,Dongying 257015,China;Key Laboratory of Sedimentary Simulation and Reservoir Evaluation,Shengli Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Dongying 257015,China;School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东东营257015 [2]中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室,山东东营257015 [3]国家能源局页岩油研发中心,山东东营257015 [4]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田沉积模拟与储层评价重点实验室,山东东营257015 [5]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2020年第2期349-356,398,共9页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“济阳坳陷页岩油勘探开发目标评价”(2017ZX05049-004)。

摘　　要：针对低渗透砂岩储集层岩石样品'组构要素'(骨架颗粒、填隙物和孔喉结构等)特征,研发了'分步溶解、溶离'酸化、酸压的增产增注改造技术并进行现场应用。影响低渗透砂岩储集层渗透性的主要因素有3种:①砂岩颗粒骨架间的泥质充填物阻塞渗流通道;②同沉积地层水在深埋过程中矿化度-溶解度变化、地层流体不均衡迁变引发矿物结晶沉淀占据孔喉空间;③岩石在上覆压力作用下逐渐深埋,骨架碎屑经压实更致密,渗流通道变窄。'分步溶解、溶离'酸化(酸压)改造技术以缓释酸为主体,以超分子溶剂取代盐酸溶解碳酸盐、利用氟化氢铵+氟硼酸+氟磷酸复合体系溶解硅酸盐,分步溶解、逐级实施,最终达到扩孔增渗的目的。使用该技术能有效溶解对孔隙中流体有明显阻滞作用的主要填隙物成分,并能将被溶解的填隙物反应残渣从岩石架构中分离出来,扩大有效泄流半径,实现单井增产增注。经矿场试验证实该技术可靠实用。According to the characteristics of'structural elements'(framework grain,interstitial material and pore throat structure)of low-permeability sandstone reservoir,the'step by step dissolution and separation'acidification and acid fracturing technology has been developed and tested in field.There are three main mechanisms affecting permeability of low-permeability sandstone reservoir:(1)The mud fillings between the framework grains block the seepage channels.(2)In the process of burial,the products from crystallization caused by changes in salinity and solubility and uneven migration and variation of the syn-sedimentary formation water occupy the pores and throat between grains.(3)Under the action of gradual increase of overburden pressure,the framework grains of the rock is compacted tighter,making the seepage channels turn narrower.The'step by step dissolution and separation'acidification(acid fracturing)technology uses sustained release acid as main acidizing fluid,supramolecular solvent instead of hydrochloric acid to dissolve carbonate,and a composite system of ammonium hydrogen fluoride,fluoroboric acid,and fluorophosphoric acid to dissolve silicate,and dissolving and implementing step by step,finally reaching the goal of increasing porosity and permeability.By using the technology,the main blocking interstitial material can be dissolved effectively and the dissolution residual can be removed from the rock frame,thus expanding the effective drainage radius and increasing production and injection of single well.This technology has been proved effective by field test.

关 键 词：济阳坳陷 低渗透砂岩 渗透性伤害 组构要素 溶解 溶离 储集层改造 增产增注 

分 类 号：TE355[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]