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作 者:杨号 常来山 王鑫瑀[2] Yang Hao;Chang Laishan;Wang Xinyu(School of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,China;HBIS Group Ming Company,Tangshan 063000,China)
机构地区:[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司,河北唐山063000
出 处:《金属矿山》2020年第2期177-181,共5页Metal Mine
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51574245)。
摘 要:频谱分析可获得爆破震动波的各种频率成分和分布情况,在爆破震动信号分析中,傅里叶分析方法是一种最常用的分析方法,其本质是将时域信号变换到频域进行分析。通过对现场爆破震动信号的监测,运用傅里叶变换(FFT)原理,结合Matlab软件中的频谱分析功能,分析了不同爆心距下的爆破震动信号的频谱变化和功率谱变化情况,并绘制爆破震动信号的频谱图和功率谱图。结果表明:爆破震动主频有向低频区域发展的趋势,爆破震动峰值速度总体呈衰减趋势,垂向相对于径向衰减较快,随着爆心距的增加,主振方向有向径向转化的趋势;爆破震动信号有时主频并不突出,具有一定的频带宽度,垂向主频主要集中在12~33 Hz,径向主频集中在12~20 Hz;爆破震动能量在频域上虽然展布比较广泛,但绝大部分能量集中在主频所处波段。研究频率的结构和分布情况,对后续的爆破设计、施工具有一定的参考意义。Spectral analysis can obtain various frequency components and distribution of blasting vibration waves. In the analysis of blasting vibration signals,Fourier analysis method is one of the most commonly used analysis methods. Its essence is to transform time domain signals into frequency domain for analysis. Through the monitoring of the on-site blasting vibration signal,using the principle of Fourier transform(FFT)and the spectrum analysis function in Matlab software,the spectrum change and power spectrum change of the blasting vibration signal under different blasting distances are analyzed,and the spectrogram and power spectrum of the blasting vibration signal is drawn. It is concluded that the main frequency of blasting vibration has a tendency to develop into the low frequency region. The peak velocity of blasting vibration generally shows a decaying trend,and the vertical direction decays faster with respect to the radial direction. With the increase of the blasting distance,the main vibration direction has a trend of radial transformation;the blasting vibration signal has a certain frequency bandwidth. In the frequency band,sometimes the main frequency is not prominent. The vertical main frequency is mainly concentrated in 12~33 Hz,and the radial main frequency is concentrated in 12~20 Hz;the blasting vibration energy is Although the spread is widely distributed in the frequency domain,most of the energy is concentrated in the frequency band where the main frequency is located. In addition to the main frequency,there are multiple sub-bands in the dominant frequency band,and the energy of each sub-band is different. The structure and distribution of the research frequency have certain reference significance for the subsequent blasting design and construction.
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