英国议会作为一元化机构在国家建构中的功能及其起源  

The Function and Origin of Parliament as Unified Institution in England State-building

作　　者：杨利敏[1] YANG Limin(School of Government Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院政治学理论博士后流动站,北京100871

出　　处：《学习与探索》2020年第3期148-153,176,共7页Study & Exploration

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目“现代国家的基本法律架构研究”(20080440281)。

摘　　要：英国议会自始即作为一元化机构而存在,这对于英国发端于中世纪的现代国家建构起了重要的作用,议会不仅成为民族政治体的观念表征和制度形态,而且促使发源于王权的地域性治理机构成为王国的公共政治建构,并有力推动了行政理性化的发展进程。英国议会的前身诺曼和金雀花王朝的王廷大会议即是一个能够代表“王国共同体”作出“王国共同同意和咨商”的实体,它体现了政治团体能够以一个会议的方式在王国政治生活中直接出场的传统,而这一传统可以溯源于盎格鲁-萨克逊时代贤人会议代表王国政治体参与王权治理的观念和制度,王廷大会议以封建原则作为会议的组成原则,但继受了贤人会议在国家治理中的功能和角色。English parliament,as a unified institution from the very beginning,was extremely important for the state-building of England.It not only represented and embodied the national political body,but also effectively transformed the mechanism of Crown into infrastructure of the realm and promoted the rationalism of administration.The Great Council of Norman and Plantagene which was the precursor of the English parliament had been a body representing the community of the realm,and it could give the common counsel and consent of the realm.The role of the Great Council reflected the idea that political community could be present in the political area by emboding itself as an assembly.This tradition could be traced back to the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms,during when the witenagemots engaged in important political issues with the king.

关 键 词：英国议会 一元化机构 国家建构 王廷大会议 贤人会议 

分 类 号：K561.3[历史地理—历史学]