超晶格密码的研究进展  

Advances in superlattice cryptography research

作　　者：童新海 陈小明 徐述 Xinhai Tong;Xiaoming Chen;Shu Xu(School of Information Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Research Center for Information Security,Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100070,China;Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology,North Institute of Information Technology,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学信息科学技术学院,合肥230026 [2]北京电子科技学院信息安全研究所,北京100070 [3]北方信息技术研究所信息保障技术重点实验室,北京100072

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第2期108-116,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：“十三五”国家密码发展基金(MMJJ20180112)资助。

摘　　要：现代密码学通过密码算法和密码协议将密码系统的安全性归结为密钥体系的安全性,因此密钥管理是信息安全的基础工程,其技术水平决定了整个密码系统的安全性和效益.密钥的产生和分配一直是密钥管理中的瓶颈难题[1](文献[1]中总结真实系统的十大安全威胁时说,密钥无处可存,现代计算装置不能安全地存储哪怕是非常小的密钥).采用基于物理实体的密码技术来产生和分发密钥以降低密钥管理风险、提升安全性,是当前国际上信息安全技术发展的热点方向之一.物理密码技术的典型代表有量子密钥分发技术和物理不可克隆函数(physical unclonable functions,PUF)技术.其中,PUF具有使用方便、成本低、功耗省等特性.美国和欧洲各国已经投入大量资金来研究和开发PUF及其在密码学和网络信息安全领域的应用技术(美国政府资助莱斯大学3000万美元开发PUF芯片,作为认证锚应用于物联网).One of the widely-known opinions in modern cryptography is that the security of a cryptosystem depends on the security of key. Therefore, key management is the foundation engineering of information security field and its corresponding technical level plays a decisive role in the security and efficiency of entire cryptosystem. Key generation and key distribution are two bottleneck problems of key management which make practical cryptosystem complex and costly to make up for the defects of security. Cryptographic techniques based on physical methods are introduced to generate and distribute secure key which greatly reduce the risk of key management than the traditional techniques based on mathematical methods. Currently, it is a popular research direction to solve cryptographic problems with physical entities such as quantum cryptography, physical unclonable function(PUF), etc. Superlattice cryptography is a brand-new cryptographic technology based on semiconductor superlattice device physics which was developed upon the innovative works of superlattice material electronic characteristics researches and is gaining increasing international influence. Superlattice device taps into the random variation during fabrication processes, therefore the secret is extremely difficult to predict or extract. Moreover, once matched superlattice device pairs are produced, anyone cannot obtain or duplicate, including the original producer with complete set of equipment. Superlattice devices can be used similar to traditional PUF hardware that extract secrets from physical characteristics. It takes full advantages of the internal security of hardware to establish new cryptographic mechanism and application pattern with superlattice PUF devices. On one hand, with the theoretical framework of PUF being introduced to superlattice research, superlattice cryptography becomes a cross-discipline that puts forward a new concept of hardware cryptography and develops PUF theory, and leads to a new research direction for cryptography. On the o

关 键 词：密钥管理 信息安全技术 密码技术 计算装置 物联网 物理不可克隆函数 现代密码学 密码协议 

分 类 号：TN918.1[电子电信—通信与信息系统]