低温环境对东北林蛙心率的影响  

Effect of low temperature on heart rate of Rana dybowskii

作　　者：张家宝 古丽巴哈尔·图尔荪 乔宝成 许敬茹 黄璞祎[1] 柴龙会[1] 肖向红[1] ZHANG Jiabao;TUERSUN Gulibahaer;QIAO Baocheng;XU Jingru;HUANG Puyi;CHAI Longhui;XIAO Xianghong(Wildlife Experimental Teaching Center,College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院野生动物实验教学中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020年第5期26-29,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31672309);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572014BA01);东北林业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510225080)。

摘　　要：为了分析低温环境下东北林蛙(Rana dybowskii)心率的变化,为其养殖、运输或暂养提供基础数据,试验通过采集低温环境下东北林蛙在体和离体心脏的心电图(ECG),分析了低温环境对东北林蛙心率的影响,探究了低温环境下或冬眠过程中两栖类动物心率的变化规律。结果表明:15℃时东北林蛙在体心率和离体心率分别约39次/min和38次/min,而由10℃下降至0℃时在体心率迅速下降为15~10次/min、由10℃下降至2℃时离体心率迅速下降为13~5次/min,-2℃时东北林蛙在体心率可短时间维持在9次/min以下,-3℃时东北林蛙在体心率为0;东北林蛙在体心率和离体心率均随温度下降而下降、或温度回升而升高;相同低温环境下东北林蛙在体心率显著高于离体心率。说明进入冬眠时东北林蛙心率迅速下降并维持在较低水平;在可耐受的极限低温下(-2℃)东北林蛙仍维持较低心率;低温环境下东北林蛙心率与温度呈正相关,其机体可通过神经或体液正向调节心脏活动,进而满足低温环境下机体新陈代谢对血流量的需求。In order to analyze the changes of heart rate of Rana dybowskii in cold environment and provide basic physiological data for breeding,transportation and temporary culture of Rana dybowskii,the electrocardiograms(ECG)of Rana dybowskii in vivo and in vitro was collected under cold environment.The effect of cold environment on heart rate of Rana dybowskii was analyzed,and the changes of heart rate and metabolism of amphibians in cold environment or during hibernation were explored.The results were as follows:the heart rate of Rana dybowskii in vivo and in vitro were respectively about 39 Beat Per Minute(BPM)and 38 BPM at 15℃;and the heart rate in vivo dropped rapidly from 15 to 10 BPM when the temperature rapidly dropped from 10 to 0℃,and the heart rate in vitro dropped rapidly from 13 to 5 BPM when the temperature rapidly droppe dfrom 10 to 2℃,the heart rate of Rana dybowskii in vivo could be maintained less than 9 BPM in a short time at-2℃and was 0 BPM at-3℃;the heart rate of Rana dybowskii in vivo or in vitro decreased with the decrease of body temperature or increased with the increase of body temperature;at the same low temperature the heart rate in vivo was significantly higher than that in vitro.The results indicated that the heart rate of Rana dybowskii dropped rapidly and maintained at a low level when going into hibernation,and maintained at a lower level at the tolerable extreme low temperature(-2℃).The heart rate of Rana dybowskii was positively correlated with temperature,and the heart activity of the frog was positively regulated by neural regulation or humoral regulation to meet the need of body metabolism for blood flow in cold environment.

关 键 词：东北林蛙 温度 心率 离体心率 心电图 冬眠 

分 类 号：S865.9[农业科学—野生动物驯养] R654.2[农业科学—畜牧兽医]