T1-加权磁共振成像造影剂及其诊疗一体化纳米探针研究进展  

T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and their theranostic nanoprobes

作　　者：周惠敏 邱小忠 沈折玉 ZHOU Huimin;QIU Xiaozhong;SHEN Zheyu(Biomaterials Research Center,School of Biomedical Engineering,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学生物医学工程学院生物材料研究中心,广东广州510515

出　　处：《南方医科大学学报》2020年第3期427-444,共18页Journal of Southern Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51761145021);浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金(LR19E030001);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1400605,2018YFD0800302)。

摘　　要：MRI已经成为临床疾病诊断的重要手段之一,而40%~50%的临床MRI检查需要使用造影剂来提高MRI的灵敏度,因此,MRI造影剂也成为重要的临床诊断药物。本文主要介绍了MRI造影剂及其分类,市售MRI造影剂的优缺点,并对极小磁性氧化铁纳米粒子、点式核壳型铁钆复合纳米粒子和极小氧化钆纳米粒子进行了评述,这三者因其r1值很高且r2/r1比值很低,T1-加权MRI成像的效果很好,有望转化为临床医用T1-加权MRI造影剂。本文对将MRI造影剂与各种肿瘤治疗策略相结合的诊断治疗一体化体系进行了评述,如MRI指导的铁凋亡治疗、MRI指导的放射增敏治疗和MRI指导的光热治疗,它们实现了对肿瘤的高效治疗和实时监控,有望成为可行的癌症治疗策略。最后对MRI基多功能诊疗制剂这一领域的未来可能研究方向进行了展望。Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is an important imaging modality for clinical disease diagnosis, and nearly 50%of clinical MRI examinations require contrast agents to enhance the diagnostic sensitivity. This review provides a summary of the major MRI contrast agents and their classification, and the advantages and limits of the commercially available MRI contrast agents, and elaborates on the exceedingly small magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(ES-MIONs), dotted core-shell iron and gadolinium hybrid nanoparticles(FeGd-HN) and exceedingly small gadolinium oxide nanoparticles(ES-GON). These nanoparticles can greatly improve the efficiency of T1-weighted MRI due to their high r1 value and low r2/r1 ratio, and are expected to be translated into clinical contrast agents for T1-weighted MRI. The authors also review the diagnostic and therapeutic integration system that combines MRI contrast agents with various tumor therapies, such as MRI-guided ferroptosis therapy, radiosensitization therapy, and photothermal therapy, which allow efficient treatment as well as real-time monitoring of tumors and serve as potential cancer therapy strategies. The possible future research directions in the field of MRI-based multifunctional diagnostic and therapeutic formulations are also discussed.

关 键 词：磁共振成像造影剂 极小磁性氧化铁纳米粒子 点式核壳型铁钆复合纳米粒子 极小氧化钆纳米粒子 肿瘤诊断与治疗 

分 类 号：R981[医药卫生—药品]