论房屋征收补偿协议要式化的困境与出路  

On the Predicaments of the Formalization of the Signing Act of the Agreement on Compensation for House Expropriation and the Solutions

作　　者：胡军辉[1] 赵毅宇 Hu Junhui;Zhao Yiyu

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《政治与法律》2020年第4期149-161,共13页Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“全国人大及其常委会授权的原理与案例集成研究”(项目编号:15BFX076)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：房屋征收补偿协议的法律属性是行政契约,征收人的签约行为是一种要式行政行为。我国相关法律规范对房屋征收补偿协议签约行为的主体、程序、内容与方式等进行了要式化构造。通过考察房屋征收补偿的地方法律规范、裁判文书以及征收补偿实践参与者的感受,可以发现补偿协议签约行为要式化在实践中存在征收人权力行使恣意、被征收人的契约性权利遭受严重侵害的困境。落实与完善房屋征收补偿协议签约行为的要式化法律制度,应以"权力与契约的整合"为法理指引,建立签约阶段主体地位平等关系,利用签约程序规制行政权力,提升签约内容的合意性以及强调签约方式的合作性,并在上述理念指引下,以限定签约主体范围与进行信用管理,完善前置程序、签约期限与救济程序,优化奖励制度、协商机制与生效要件,实施违法监督与行政问责等为具体出路。The legal attribute of the compensation for house expropriation is an administrative contract,and the signing act is a formal administrative act. China’s relevant administrative laws and regulations have formalized the subject, procedure, content and method of signing a compensation agreement. However, by examining the local regulations, judgments and practitioners’ viewpoints on house expropriation compensation, it can be found that the formalization of signing compensation agreement can lead to practical predicaments such as power abuse of the expropriator and the serious infringement upon contractual rights of the expropriated person. Therefore, the implementation and improvement of the formalization of signing a compensation agreement should carried out under the jurisprudential guidance of " integration of power and contract", including establishing an equal relationship between subjects during the signing phase, using the signing procedure to regulate administrative power, improving the consensus on the contract content and emphasizing the cooperative nature of signing mode. Under the guidance of the above-mentioned concepts, the concrete approaches include limiting the signing subjects and carrying out credit management, improving the pre-procedure, signing period and relief procedures, optimizing the reward system, negotiation mechanism and requirements for becoming effective, and implementing supervision over illegality and administrative accountability.

关 键 词：房屋征收 征收补偿协议 签约行为 要式行政行为 行政契约 

分 类 号：DF522[政治法律—民商法学]