上海地区大气降水中氢氧同位素特征及其环境意义  

Characteristics of Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotope of Precipitation and Its Environmental Significance in Shanghai

作　　者：张峦[1] 朱志鹏[1] 杨言[1] 陈雪莹 周立旻[1] 郑祥民[1] ZHANG Luan;ZHU Zhipeng;YANG Yan;CHEN Xueying;ZHOU Limin;ZHENG Xiangmin(Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education,School of Geographical Sciences East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理科学学院,地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《地球与环境》2020年第1期120-128,共9页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371032、41571040)。

摘　　要：本研究基于上海地区2016年9月~2017年8月期间采集的大气降水样品,测定并分析了雨水中δD、δ18O和δ17O特征,进一步探索氘盈余(d值)和17O盈余的环境意义。结果显示:(1)降水同位素年内变化明显,δD、δ18O和δ17O同位素比值冬春偏重、夏秋偏轻,单次降水过程中同位素呈不断贫化的趋势;(2)δ18O存在降雨量效应和反温度效应:大气降水线方程、d值显示上海地区气候整体温和湿润,蒸发作用相对较小;冬春季降水较少,相对湿度较小,同位素较富集;夏秋季降水较多,相对湿度较高,同位素较为贫化;(3)综合分析17O盈余,发现上海地区大汽降水的水汽处于从海洋向陆地转移的过程当中,在运移过程中受到沿途陆表蒸发,且雨季的大气降水来源主要为海洋气团,干季主要来源于内陆,以本地蒸发为主。Atmospheric precipitation samples were collected during September 2016 to August 2017 in Shanghai and their oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions were measured and analyzed to explore environmental significances of deuterium excess and 17Oexcess.The results showed the yearly variation of isotope compositions of the precipitation samples was significant,the isotopic composition was heavy in winter and spring,and light in summer and autumn.The isotope compositions of precipitation in a single precipitation process became lighter and lighter.Theδ18O of precipitation showed the weak positive correlation with the amount of precipitation and weak negative correlation ambient temperature.The Meteoric Water Line and deuterium excess indicated that the overall climate in Shanghai is moderate and moist,the local evaporation is relatively small,and the humidity and precipitation is lower in the half year of winter and is higher in the half year of summer.Comprehensive analyses of 17Oexcess revealed that the water vapor of precipitation in Shanghai is mainly from sea and is affected by land surface evaporation during its migration from sea to land.The source of water vapor in the rainy season is the marine air mass,in the dry season is the local evaporation mainly.

关 键 词：氢氧同位素 区域大气降水线 氘盈余和17O盈余 水汽来源 上海地区 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]