遥感岩性识别分类研究  

Review on remote sensing method for the identification and classification of lithology

作　　者：王建刚 叶发旺[1] 邱骏挺[1] 孟树[1] 张川[1] WANG Jiangang;YE Fawang;QIU Junting;MENG Shu;ZHANG Chuan(National Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Information and Image Analysis Technology,Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,遥感信息与图像分析技术国家级重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2020年第1期10-22,共13页World Nuclear Geoscience

基　　金：中国核工业地质局生产中科研项目“龙首山航空高光谱岩性智能识别技术研究与编图应用”(课题编号:遥D1906);“铀矿岩矿心高光谱扫描及矿化信息识别研究”(编号:201910-11);国防科工局项目“松辽盆地铀成矿条件高分辨率遥感识别技术研究”(课题编号:遥HSL1407-3)资助。

摘　　要：利用遥感技术可对岩性进行识别分类。当前,岩性分类的遥感技术方法有很多种,各种方法的识别原理、精度、效果不尽相同。在整理前人研究成果,总结、对比各种分类方法的优劣,对现有研究状况进行梳理的基础上,分析了遥感岩性识别分类的相关概念,剖析其识别机理,从各种识别分类方法原理的差异点入手,将现有的遥感岩性识别主要划分为三大类:基于光谱特征的岩性分类、基于空间特征的岩性分类、基于多源信息复合的岩性分类;并介绍了三大分类所包含的具体方法,解释了各分类的原理、效果,分析了其优缺点;进一步分析了影响遥感岩性识别效果的多种因素,讨论了遥感岩性识别分类的各种方法存在的问题,还从原理、方法、应用领域三个方面对遥感岩性识别分类的未来发展前景进行了展望。可为遥感岩性识别进一步研究提供一定参考。There are many remote sensing methods for the identification and classification of lithology,the principle,accuracy and effect of each method are different.By summarizing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various classification methods,and sorting out the current research status,this paper analyzed the definition and mechanism of remote sensing lithology identification and divided the mainly methods into three categories according to their principles:lithology classification based on spectral characteristics,lithology classification based on spatial characteristics,and lithology classification based on multi-source information.By explaining the principle,analyzing application effect,advantages and disadvantages and the factors influencing the application effect,the problems and future development of various methods was discussed in their application field.

关 键 词：岩性 识别 遥感 进展 

分 类 号：P628[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P588[天文地球—地质学]