土壤线虫作为生态指示生物的研究进展  

The research progress of soil nematodes as ecological indicator organisms

作　　者：刘艳方 刘攀 王文颖 毛旭峰 董世魁 杨冲 高俊程 LIU Yanfang;LIU Pan;WANG Wenying;MAO Xufeng;DONG Shikui;YANG Chong;GAO Juncheng(The School of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;The School of Geography,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;College of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院,西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学地理科学学院,西宁810008 [3]北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第2期207-214,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761107);青海省科技厅重大专项项目(2019-SF-A12);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0302)。

摘　　要：土壤线虫广布于各种类型的土壤中,在维持土壤生态系统的稳定性、促进物质循环和能量流动等方面发挥着重要的作用,同时也是理想的环境指示生物。简述了土壤线虫的生活史策略和营养类群的多样性、土壤线虫多样性的生态指数、影响土壤线虫群落多样性的环境因素,以及线虫作为指示生物在农业生态系统、草地生态系统、森林生态系统的功能作用。提出了全球气候变化背景下对青藏高原高寒草地土壤线虫分类、群落结构特征以及土壤线虫的生物指示作用研究的必要性,并对土壤线虫未来的发展趋势做了展望。Soil nematodes are widely distributed in various types of soils and play an important role in maintaining the stability of soil ecosystem,promoting material circulation and energy flow.They are also considered as an ideal environmental indicator organism.This article briefly reviews the life history strategies and diversity of the soil nematodes,the ecological index,the physical factors that influence the diversity of soil nematode communities,and its advantages as an indicator organism.We also described the application of nematodes as an indicator in indicating the stability of the agro-ecosystem,grassland ecosystem and forest ecosystem.Therefore,it is proposed that the nematode should be studied as an indicator organism in the grassland ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and also prospects for the future development trend of soil nematodes.

关 键 词：土壤线虫 营养类群 生态指数 指示生物 研究进展及展望 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]