“锻炼行道,练以成人”:中国求道传统的武术文化实践  

To Do and To Be:The Truth-Exploration of Traditional Chinese Martial Arts

作　　者：戴国斌[1] 刘祖辉[2] 周延 DAI Guobin;LIU Zuhui;ZHOU Yan(Shanghai University of Sport,Chinese Wushu Research Center,Shanghai 200438,China;Fujian Normal University,School of Sport Science,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院中国武术研究中心,上海200438 [2]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《体育科学》2020年第2期24-31,共8页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(14ATY005)。

摘　　要：求解“何为武术,武术何为”的元问题,需在文化自觉语境中,由中国文化轴心时代的文武分途而教出发,发现当代武术发展的历史根源以及武术人“锻炼行道,练以成人”的文化实践。研究认为,武术人将动作作为求道对象,不仅将拳区分为4种类型,并探索“改变常人拳,三节四梢微观化透视,时空之练”的求道路径,而且在改造身体时变化了气质,终以“武德和功夫”作为“练以成人”的体现。武术人的“锻炼行道,练以成人”不仅完成其“由社会人而武术人”的成人,而且还以其区别于常人、军人、文人的动作方式,作为文化标识之所在、文化认同之基础。In order to seek the answers to such fundamental questions as what martial arts are and for what people do martial arts,this paper starts from the Chinese-culture-centered era when martial arts were taught separately from literal pedagogy,and finds the historical source of modern Chinese martial arts and the truth-exploring process of doing martial arts.Martial artists take movements as the objects from which they try to seek truth.They categorize these movements into four types and develop the truth-exploration ways which include changing natural movements,scrutinizing three-section-four-end theory and practicing through time and space.In these ways,the practitioners physically transform their characters and eventually become being which is judged by martial morals and persistent Kungfu.To do and to be do not only make socialized people into martial artist;and further,the cultural identity and cultural marks are formed with movements which are quite different from those of commoners,soldiers and literalists.

关 键 词：轴心时代 求道 锻炼行道 练以成人 武德 功夫 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]