NK细胞在介导儿童过敏性哮喘中的作用和研究进展  

Role of NK cells in children's allergic asthma and the research progress

作　　者：高倩男 饶兴愉[2] 朱惠芳 罗开源[2] GAO Qian-nan;RAO Xing-yu;ZHU Hui-fang;LUO Kai-yuan(Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 34100;Gannan Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 34100)

机构地区：[1]赣南医学院,江西赣州341000 [2]赣南医学院第一附属医院儿科,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《赣南医学院学报》2020年第2期183-187,共5页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

摘　　要：过敏性哮喘是由屋尘螨、花粉、高蛋白类食物等过敏原以及冷空气刺激共同诱导的气道炎症反应,其发病率,尤其在6岁以下儿童中呈逐年递增的趋势,严重时可致死,且死亡率也逐年上升,对患儿造成生命威胁。自然杀伤(Natural Killer,NK)细胞是效应性淋巴细胞的一种,是天然免疫反应中的重要防线,不仅具有直接的细胞毒活性,而且能通过免疫调节作用协调其他免疫细胞的功能,是介导天然免疫和获得性免疫的重要桥梁。过敏性哮喘作为一种机体免疫系统过激反应导致的过敏性疾病,其中涉及到的免疫细胞、细胞因子,以及信号通路等极为复杂,是各类免疫反应的总和。尤其是NK细胞,在儿童过敏性哮喘的诱导和发作中充当着双刃剑的角色,一方面不仅能分泌Ⅱ型细胞因子促进哮喘的发生,另一方面又可通过产生干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)的效应抑制Ⅱ型细胞因子免疫反应,从而减缓哮喘的症状。本文综述NK细胞在介导儿童过敏性哮喘疾病中气道炎症反应的双向调节作用。Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease in the lower airway,which is caused by allergens such as dust mite,pollen,and high protein food,as well as environmental factors like freezing air and air pollution.In recent years,the morbidity and mortality increases gradually worldwide,especially in children under 6 years old.Natural killer cells are the main effector lymphocytes in innate immune system,and play a critical role in cytotoxicity against transformed or infected cells,as well immune regulation.In the process of asthma,NK cells work as a double-edged sword,on the one hand,it can promote allergic airway inflammation by increasing the production of type 2 cytokines,on the other hand,the production of IFN-γby NK cells could inhibit the type II cytokine response,which would relieve the symptoms of asthma.This review aims to define the double roles of NK cells in asthma mediated by chronic inflammation in airway.

关 键 词：过敏性哮喘 自然杀伤细胞 炎症反应 免疫调节 Ⅱ型细胞因子 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]