南京梅花山新害虫:桃仁蜂的初步研究  

Primary Research on Eurytoma maslovskii Nikol’ skaya--A New Insect Pest in Nanjing Mei Flower Mountain

作　　者：刘曙雯 杨波 李长伟 高建华 LIU Shuwen;YANG Bo;LI Changwei;GAO Jianhua

机构地区：[1]中山陵园管理局园景园容处,南京210014 [2]中山陵园管理局梅花艺术中心,南京210014 [3]中山陵园管理局梅花研究中心,南京210014

出　　处：《中国园林》2020年第S01期71-73,共3页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：2017年在南京梅花山观察到梅花果实出现斑点、萎缩和落果现象,受害果约占40%。通过解剖受害果、笼内饲养观察对该虫害进行了初步研究。鉴定害虫为膜翅目、广肩小蜂科、广肩小蜂属的桃仁蜂(Eurytoma maslovskii Nikol’skaya)。该虫成虫在幼果组织内产卵,幼虫危害果实。桃仁峰在南京地区1年发生1代,以老熟幼虫在地面落果及枝头上的僵果内越冬。该虫为江苏省分布新纪录,杏梅为该虫的寄主新纪录。In 2017, the author found that various injury symptoms, such as dark spots, fruit atrophy and abscission, appeared in plum tree fruits in Nanjing Mei Flower Mountain. About 40% of the fruits were damaged. A preliminary study was carried out by dissecting the injured fruits and cage feeding observation. The research showed that fruit injury was caused by Eurytoma maslovskii Nikol’ skaya(Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae). Adult E. maslovskii lays eggs in young fruit tissue. The larvae damage fruits. E. maslovskii has one generation a year in Nanjing and overwinters with mature larvae in fruit drops on the ground or the mummy fruits on the branch. It is the first report of this insect pest in Jiangsu Province. Moreover, a new host tree Armeniaca mume var. bungo Makino is also reported in this paper.

关 键 词：园林植物 南京梅花山 桃仁蜂 分布与寄主新纪录 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]