基于三维风险分析的加油站风险评估  

Research on Risk Assessment of Oil&Gas Station Based on Multiple Dimension Analysis

作　　者：乔建宇 李凯[1] 康健[1] 宋冰雪 白永强[2] QIAO Jianyu;LI Kai;KANG Jian;SONG Bingxue;BAI Yongqiang(Department of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China;Beijing Key La-boratory of Control Technology for City Toxic and Combustible Major Hazards, Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection, Beijing 100054, China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院安全生产工程技术研究院,北京102617 [2]北京市劳动保护科学研究所城市有毒有害易燃易爆危险源控制北京市重点实验室,北京100054

出　　处：《北京石油化工学院学报》2020年第1期65-70,共6页Journal of Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2016000020124G059);北京石油化工学院大学生研究训练[URT]计划项目(2019J00051);北京高等学校高水平人才交叉培养“实培计划”项目(2019100170079&19032021001-8274/050)。

摘　　要：加油站包含的风险因素较多,各类风险因素对系统安全性发挥的作用不同,且测量方式也不尽相同。因此,对加油站风险因素进行全面辨识分析,从三维角度对系统整体安全进行详细分析,是提高风险评估准确性和科学性的有效途径。从加油站事故发生的可能性、后果严重度、社会敏感度维度构建三维分析模型。首先,对加油站风险影响因素进行聚类分析,构建事故发生可能性评价指标体系,根据蒸汽云爆炸模型判断事故后果严重程度,对城市区域进行划分和定义,根据加油站周围的环境确定事故社会敏感度。其次,基于层次分析法对三维分析的风险评估指标进行权重赋值。最后,计算加油站的风险数值,确定加油站风险等级,提出风险分级控制措施。As a high-risk site,gas stations contain many risk factors,and each risk factor may lead to a fire accident or explosion,and cause serious casualties and social impact.Although domestic and foreign scholars have used qualitative and quantitative analysis methods in long-term research and practice to evaluate the safety status of gas stations,relatively accurate evaluation results have been obtained,which makes evaluation of gas stations more complete and improves the gas station's Level of safety,but it does not discuss in detail the severity of the consequences of different risk factors at gas stations.The safety assessment model of gas station three-dimensional risk analysis builds a three-dimensional model based on quantitative and qualitative analysis,combining the frequency of accidents with different risk factors,and the resulting human casualties and social impacts.This result in a gas station safety as-sessment model is based on three-dimensional risk analysis,which focuses on prevention of risk factors included in high-risk areas of the model,and comprehensively improves the safety level of gas stations.This article builds a gas station safety evaluation model based on three-dimensional risk analysis,and comprehensively analyzes the fre-quency of accidents at different risk factors of gas stations,and the resulting casualties and social impacts of the gas stations,so as to effectively ensure the safety of gas stations.

关 键 词：加油站 风险评估 三维分析 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]