损失成本分析法在ORC发电系统优化中的应用研究  

Application of Exergy Loss Cost Analysis in ORC Power Generation System Optimization

作　　者：侯中兰[1,2] 魏新利 马新灵[1,2] 孟祥睿[1,2] HOU Zhong-lan;WEI Xin-li;MA Xin-ling;MENG Xiang-rui(College of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;Engineering Research Center of Energy Saving Technologies and Equipments on Thermal System, Ministry of Education (MOE), Zhengzhou 450001, China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工与能源学院,河南郑州450001 [2]热能系统节能技术与装备教育部工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《节能技术》2020年第1期44-48,共5页Energy Conservation Technology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(162102310504);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(19A480005)。

摘　　要：为寻找有机郎肯循环(ORC)发电系统热经济优化方向,依据系统工艺过程特点,应用热力学第二定律分析了系统内部不同位置的流及损失,按照热经济学原理分析了热经济成本传递对单位流成本及损失成本的影响,并提出优化价值系数以判断降低损失的非能源成本代价。通过对某工业企业ORC余热发电工程项目分析得到:蒸发器年损失最大,占总年损失的43.11%,冷凝器年损失次之,占比为33.08%;膨胀机年损失成本最高,占总损失成本的47.53%,蒸发器次之,占比为28.58%。从减少损失角度考虑,蒸发器是最需要被关注的设备;从降低损失成本角度考虑,膨胀机最应得到优化;从减少损失需要投入的非能源成本考虑,蒸发器、冷凝器的优化价值系数较高,可以优先考虑增加投资。损失成本分析法为ORC低温发电系统多目标优化提供了参考。According to the process characteristics of low temperature exhaust heat power generation system,the second law of thermodynamics was used to analyze the exergy flow and exergy loss at different locations in the system.The exergy cost per unit product and the exergy loss cost caused by the transmission of thermal economic cost were analyzed according to the principle of thermal economy.Ratio of exergy loss to non-energy costs was judged by optimization value coefficient.Through the analysis of ORC exhaust heat power generation project in an industrial enterprise,it was concluded that the evaporator had the largest exergy loss,accounting for 43.11%of the total annual exergy loss,and the annual exergy loss of the condenser comes next,accounting for 33.08%.The annual exergy loss cost of the expander is the highest,accounting for 47.53%of the total,followed by evaporators,accounting for 28.58%.From the prospect of reducing exergy loss,evaporator was the most important equipment.Expander should be optimized firstly considering exergy loss cost reduction.The optimization value coefficient of evaporator and condenser was relatively high,and priority could be given to increasing non-energy investment to reduce exergy loss.The exergy loss cost analysis method provided a reference for multi-objective optimization of ORC power generation system.

关 键 词：有机郎肯循环 低温余热发电系统 损失成本分析 优化价值系数 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TK11+5[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]